Bilingual Education: Critique Essay

According to Brisk (1998), when multilingual or bilateral education is utilise in private schools the results are very encouraging. Students of any ages benefit from such approach producing at times amazing results. When, however, the multilingual education is implemented in public schools for lingo-minority, the results become controversial if non question satisfactory. To understand such a disparity, a lot of studies have been conducted during the last two decades. cardinal of this studies that Brisk described was done by UNESCO more than 40 eld ago concluded that when children were taught in their second (or minor) row they experienced difficulties in their education. From their report, one could see clearly that researchers at this organization favored the stick tongue declaring that children get better education when teachers teach them using it. Logically, the lyric is the medium to transit knowledge. If the inseparable address was and is spoken at home, the stud y cultural elements are cosmos transited to the children of the family. spoken quarrel encapsulates the concepts that language carries and that are communicable on to the young child as he or she absorbs the destination within the micro-culture. Before the child goes to school, many concepts absorbed through with(predicate) the internal language are already a part of his or her cognitive development. Even more so, the elements of mortalality have also been transmitted through the native language and continue cosmos reinforced if and when the parents speak the native language at home.When that child goes to school, he or she feels immediately complicated for that personality core cannot be expressed nor reinforced by the controlling language that the child hears in school for the duration of the entire day. The variety from the native language into the concepts learnt with the supreme language is materializeing very boring and never in its entirety leaving some confusi on and undecipherable definitions. That lack of clarity prohibits the child from asking questions (especially if that child is more start by nature) and that feeling of confusion grows into frustration.Shannon Fitts (2006) examined how bilingual instruction usurps the students learning and how analog monolingualism afford the students to explore linguistic forms and their attendant social meanings. It appears that her initial spot of the parallel monolingualism implies that the children artificially separate two languages to absorb the instructional input. Indeed, in that location are intangible ideas collapse in the native language that cannot be expressed in the dominant one. Thus, the lingo-minority students can be easily taken advantage of by former(a) students or charge by teachers. passim the Fitts paper in that respect is a dominance of an idea that teaching in bilingualism is un however and unfair to those whose dominant language is not native. She justifies this view by trying to conceptualize her whim of conceptualizing native languages and thus viewing a language as an isolated medium of knowledge transference. She referred to another(prenominal) researchers when grammatical construction that Hispanic students do not feel leverd while being present in the classroom of the dominant culture and thitherfore give away it difficult to devote to their own education.She should not isolate Hispanic students from those of other ethnic backgrounds. I do not believe that anything has to do with being or not being valued as a person it has everything to do with misconstruing definitions, half-understood remarks, not-natively implied body language, and other cultural elements. Looking at bilingual classroom from the wrong perspective leave warp the impression intimately the students social make up and cultural inclusion.Han Chung (2006) expressed a coercive approach in the writing style describing the code-switching strategy in addressing the inescapably of bilingual Korean students. The researchers attitude was that of nonchalant opinion with non-sided estimation. This researcher started the paper with the acknowledgement that multilingualism is the way that many people pull round with (i. e. Europe) and the transference between languages becomes more than cursory. She mentioned several supplementary sources that conform the feature that many children grow up hearing two or even more languages at home and in the immediate environment.With the people become more mobile, more and more children are forced into multilingualism however, it is not inescapably contributing to their best rate of development. Her logical discussion brings the readers into the common for the number questions, like How the children acquire the second language? or Being able to communicate in two languages, do they loose some all- meaning(a)(prenominal) characteristics of the personality development transferred in to them by the first and native language? or What does happen to the cultural identity? Her further discourse discusses the multiculturalism as the medium of the complex communicative demands of a pluralistic society (the secondary source). Her acknowledgment that the society is pluralistic (not monolistic with domineering language) brings a totally impertinent concept into bilingualism of its citizenship that every resident living in that society has peer rights and equal access to the major language employ in that society. The plan within the Fitts work (2006) was different.I perceived that she was referring to Hispanic students as those who musti mantle adjust to the major culture and language. Multilinguistic approach versus that of monolistic should become prevalent in briefer we accept the fact that the right to major or minor languages within the same society should be provided to any citizen. Even that is not enough. Language minority students should feel that their native language and ethni c fiting are accepted and respected within the dominant culture.They should not feel excluded just because they have an accent or they do not understand all the nuances of the dominant language. They may feel that their language is not as important as the dominant language at their school. At some sites where thither are no bilingual programs, the emphasis is not on the tending of the students primary language. Instead, the goal is to transition the students as soon as possible into all dominant language classes. The tax write-off here is uni-sided your culture and language are less important than ours.Certainly, such implication will be indirect but nevertheless felt by the affected minority pigeonholings. The use of the students primary language therefore takes a backseat, as the main language emphasized at the site is the dominant one. The maintenance of his/her language is not the main antecedence of such a school. Despite the dissension (Rothstein, 1998), it is given that at schools where there are two-way bilingual immersion programs, the target language, which may be the primary language of the minority student, does not take a backseat at the site.It is considered just as important as the dominant language and handle equally. The equal treatment can become tricky, and this is where the instructors skill and special facts of life are needed. Unlike in transitional bilingual programs where the primary language is only emphasized in core affair classes until the student is transitioned into the dominant only curriculum the equal bilingual program treats each subject matter as knowledge with ought much emphasis with what language the students will acquire it.Rothsteins work clearly points out at this controversy and is addressed to both kind of readers pro-bilingualism and those who do not see the value behind it. He pointed out that the minor and the dominant languages should be used equally and by the language majority students as well as by the teaching staff as a mere lance to deliver instructional input. According to some researchers in the field of battle of bilingual education (Commins & Miramontes, 2006), equal bilingual programs may help students in the area of self-esteem, which may have an effect in the area of academic achievement.In that, Commins and Miramontes argued that students self esteem could be studied separately for it can be a dependent variable to the type of education program (bilingual or monolingual) the site will employ. Such a perspective always refreshes for it is lucid that the researchers do not take sides or become shifted into any opinion. In another work, Dominguez De Ramirez, and Shapiro (2006) suggested that programs such as two-way bilingual immersion programs keep in line ingredients that may help the language minority students raise their levels of self-esteem, and academic achievement.These researchers, as well, focused their attention at the formation of students personality and the program factors affect on it. These particular researchers attitudes appeared to be shifted in favor of Hispanic people for they specifically discuss such without any reference to any other ethnic groups. With such researchers, I would like to see more wide approach discussing other ethnic groups and ethnic situations so abundantly present in the USA and especially in European Union. The situation is not and should not appear to be unique to one ethnic group in one country.Many in multiple geographical locations close to the Globe experience it. Further, it would not be presumptions of me to notice that such situations happen very often with the ethnic writers writing about the population that belong to their ethnicity group. Especially these writers should be more concerned of the wider-comprehensive appearance of their work. Such inspection is no way to limit their effectiveness as far as their writing skills are concerned but rather their point ness within the topic(s) th ey choose. References Brisk, M. E. (1998). multilingual Education From Compensatory to Quality Schooling. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Commins, N. L. , & Miramontes, O. B. (2006). Addressing Linguistic Diversity from t he Outset. Journal of Teacher Education, 57(3), 240+. Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5014939910 De Ramirez, R. D. , & Shapiro, E. S. (2006). Curriculum-Based step and the Evaluation of Reading Skills of Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners in Bilingual Education Classrooms. School Psychology Review, 35(3), 356+.Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5017755652 Fitts, S. (Summer, 2006). Reconstructing the precondition Quo Linguistic Interaction in a Dual-Language School. Bilingual look Journal, 29 2 Han Chung, H. (Summer, 2006). Code Switching as a Communicative strategy A Case Study of KoreanEnglish Bilinguals. Bilingual Research Journal, 30 2 Rothstein, R. (1 998). Bilingual Education The Controversy. Phi Delta Kappan, 79(9), 672+. Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5001343556

Which Has Posed the Greatest Problem for Singaporean

In a social and multi- ghostly participation like capital of Singapore, thither is a need to manage the racial and religious sensitivities and promote tolerance and harmony. In addition, there is also the need to bod national identity by instilling a sense of belonging. Therefore, there is a need to identify the most important riddle expose of the three and then solve it. The first problem is managing the perceptions of different racial aggroups. There is a need to manage this problem as preconceived nonions of biased treatment by the government against whatsoever racial group could lead to the outbreak of violence among the different communities.For example, in 1964, Singapore experient race debauchs which resulted in 36 dead and 590 injured. Singapore was in Malaysia then, and the UMNO felt threatened when the breast participated in the 1964 Federal elections. The UMNO then led an anti-PAP turn on in the medium using the Utusan Melayu, claiming that PAPs rule discr iminate the Malays and that Malay Singaporeans remained poor under PAPs rule. They also claimed that PAP was uprooting Malay families in resettlement projects. Some UMNO extremists even came to Singapore and do fiery speeches that angered many Singaporean Malays.In July 1964, during the celebration of Prophet Muhammads birthday, a clash between a Chinese policeman and a group of Malay participants turned into a full-blown race riot over the next few days. This shows how the perceptions of unequal treatment towards the different races provoke cause suspicions, distrust and even hostility among Singaporeans, even if these perceptions are not based on facts. Therefore, this problem must be managed to prevent any outbreak of violence among citizens. The second problem is managing the perceptions of different religious groups.There is a need to do this as differences in religious beliefs and practices are issues that earth-closet create tension among people in Singapore, especially if it has been perceived that the concerns of a certain religious community have not been considered. This is shown in the mare Hertogh riot during 1950. maria Hertogh, born to Dutch-Eurasian parents was adopted during the war by an Indonesian Muslim woman, Aminah, as her parents were interned by the Japanese. After the war, the Hertoghs launched a legal strife for the custody of their daughter. The custody battle attracted intense media attention worldwide.The judge ordered that Maria be placed temporarily in a Catholic convent while the trail was taking place. Photographs in newspaper of Maria, who was raised a Muslim, in a Catholic convent before a statue of Virgin bloody shame affected religious sensitivities and angered the Muslim Community as they felt that their religion was not respected at all. The British courts gave custody of Maria to her biological mother. Upon hearing the judgement, huge crowds outside the court rioted, convinced that the compound laws, the courts and the legal system was prejudiced against the Muslims.The riots showed that if issues with religious implications are not handled in a sensitive manner, hostility and distrust could occur among people. The last problem is managing the threats from external forces. This also needs to be managed because transnational terrorist groups tend to process religious or race issues in order to achieve their semipolitical aims, suspicion and tension may arise among people in multi-ethnic societies like Singapore. For an example, the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) is a militant group which has been active in the south-east Asia. Its aim is to set up an Islamic state in Asia.Some of its activities intromit fund-raising and purchasing materials for making bombs. From 2001-2002, 34 JI members were arrested under the Internal shelter Act for their involvement in terrorist-related activities. Targets in Singapore included the US embassy and some government buildings. Following the arrests, there was some mixed reactions from Singaporeans who were inclined(p) to do harm in the various ethnic communities. Shocked that there were Singaporeans who were prepared to do harm to innocent civilians, some members of the public show distrust towards members of certain communities.This shows that managing external threats poses a signifi quite a littlet challenge, as it has possible to divide people along racial and religious lines. All in all, I feel that the problem that has posed the greatest threat for Singapore in ensuring social harmony is the threat of transnational terrorism. As it can cause distrust between both religions and races while the other both can only either cause distrust among religions or races. In addition, if they manage to overcome the threat from external forces, citizens will be satisfactory to trust each other and violence and distrust will not breakout.

Marcus Ang Is A Member From The Field Sales Section Essay

Marcus Ang is a member from the field sales section. His sales execution in the recent months has been below target in contrast to his expectant sales in the past years. Marcus blames it on the poor stinting situation, so far the other sales staff seem to able meet their target. How should brothel keeper may May attribute Marcuss performance? First of all, noblewoman May May has to know about what happened to Marcus. What suffices him to blame the poor economic situation while the other sales staff still be able to meet their target. As we learn from the organization behavior, we know that employees behavior will affect the performance of an organization. According to Fritz Heider and H.H. Kelly, they stated that pecks behavior is affected by internal and external federal agent outs. On the other hand, Kelleys attribution theory refers to three types of factors which are distinctiveness, consensus and trunk. speciality is about whether the promoters behavior occur during the performance of this labor only? Next, consensus is like whether this behavior unusual for the subordinates peers? Then, consistency is about if this behavior unusual for the subordinate in other situations? In this situation, Madam May May should first consider about the factor of consensus. As Marcus cannot be able to hit the target while other are able to reach their target. Next Madam May May should consider about locus of control dimension, which mean whether the primary cause of the behavior is a characteristic of the subordinate, or a characteristic of the situation. min ,stability dimension whether the subordinate is likely to remain stable or parlous? The crossing of the locus of control and stability dimensions produces four casual factor that a leader can utilize to explain a subordinates behavior, ability , task difficulty , luck ,chance, effort.

Marketing to Baby Boomers

The mollycoddle Boomers generation is gener in ally sort by the children natural after World War II specifically e very(prenominal) wholeness born surrounded by 1946 and 1964. The veterans, as we issue them today came back from war, settled down, got married and had children. This was a immense time in America as their economy was up(p) vastly as opposed to otherwise nations of the world. It was a time of affluence, specially in the Western side of the world. The boom describes the greatly increasing comport rate at these times.As seen in the following diagram, birth rank were higher than ever during 1946 and 1964, with a very close second in the late 1980s and very early 1990s. Currently, there ar 78 million muff boomers in America, accounting for 40% of the adult population. This gives demand to tradeers to fatality to sell to this eon fraction. Persons 45 and older be account equal to(p) for 55% of the total consumer spending in the U. S. Marketers ar striving to segment the market in such a way, that they volition be fitted to luff this era group and market directly to them. There is a vast difference in the get alongs of Baby Boomers.1946 to 1964 accounts for a maximum age difference of 18 years. It is all-important(a) to notice that those who atomic number 18 the older boomers, as well as called the Golden Boomers would capture different needs to be satisfied that those that ar younger. This age segment poop then be further part into the golden boomers who, today would be between the ages of 65 and 56, and the younger baffle boomers being 55 and 47. Sub-Segmented Baby Boomers The maturing market segment as classified by Moschis, Lee, Mathur, & Strautman, in their book The Maturing market place Buying Habits of Baby Boomers and Their P argonnts, stub be broken down into four main categories.Firstly, there are the Healthy Indulgers (18%) who are the more affluent and focus more on enjoying brio than their careers. They pitch to mesh in purchasing activities that revolve close towhat their own independence. Secondly are the Healthy Hermits (36%) who take in drawd some attitude-changing occurrence in life such as the death of a spouse, and are in gimmick socially withdrawn. Marketing strategies that focus on conformity work well amongst this segment as they try not to stand out. The following two categories are less affluent than the previously mentioned segments.They are also the segments that look forward to their own house or appartment, as opposed to the previous that in extend to move into a loneliness home or a nursing home. The third group are the Ailing outgoers. These represent 29 % of the cocker boomers. These are people who have accepted their old age scarce are still automatic to get the most out of life and tend to be influenced by money-saying incentives. Lastly are Frail Recluses (17%) who are very similar to the hurt outgoers, however they have accepted spirituality int o their lives and keep high liquor through their strengthened faiths.Information that is very fire to the marketer is that not all individuals assuage in one group in their life time. A healthy hermit might be influenced to join a church and increase their knwoledge of faith, thus leading to a switch to be more likfe frail recluses. Also, these segments dont have set boundaries, and persons are more belike to be classifed by one of those four sub-sections by leading, defining characteristics, rather than completely defined through all the evaluate qualities. The experiences that each person goes through is what genuinely puts them in any item group.The Baby- Boomer Misc at one timeption A problem that many companies face is their set knowledge of older generations. There is a stigma that they dont really have an opinion on what they buy and they leave behind buy the growths anyway. This is a sure way to failure when having goods produced for this age segment. Another mist ake unremarkably made by firms is the misconception that Baby Boomers have never grown up. They deal that when showing to younger generations, the marketing will reach the fumble boomers as well.though handle boomers have been recently showing tendencies of younger generations that do not fit the general description of their age group, such as bareness to new experiences, and good-natured in activities that are health and fitness revolved, this is not a reason to bust they will be influenced by the kindred marketing schemes targeted at younger generations. What Nyren suggests from his text is that informercials is the upcoming media for marketing toward deflower boomers. This age segment has a longer direction span, and they requirement to know more information on the products they buy.More times than not, the television ads that give out 30 seconds are perceptively dismissed, and would not have had any match on them. Perhaps then, the companies that market to this se gment, should redirect their marketing efforts toward 30 smooth commercials. There is a stigma attached to infomercials that they are long air-time squander nonsense that no one watches, and for the most part, its true these are not the infomercials that would grab the prudence of the fuck up boomer. They ask to gain more knowledge.They wish to be informed to begin with making purchasing decision, and infomercials tend to give the time needed for explanations. The trick is indeed to find a way to captivate the target markets attention. According to the authors of The Maturing Marketplace, the baby boomers are heavily influenced by price specials and reductions. These are likely to be in the their top considerations when making some(prenominal) types of purchases such as hotels, airlines or travels. On the topic of travel, they majority notion is that they enjoy travelling, but do not have the funds for it.Also, they are concerned that if they do have the funds for it now, after the recession, and they spend it on this leisurely experience, that they whitethorn not have funds for future necessities like their own health care, and funds to take of their families. In theory, an infomercial about a cruise that is targeted toward this age segment, that focuses on getting order for your money and having readily forthcoming medical attention is likely to be very effective. Purchasing conduct of Baby Boomers Marketers have to accept that marketing to any group with all the greatest efforts will still not always be as effective as one would like it to be.This is again because of ones predisposition toward a product or message because of ones experiences. A person who might have had a bad experience with a Russian individual may be inclined to stay absent from products manufactured in Russia. However, marketers must still try to market these groups directly by attempting to find out their values and market their product in a way that would solicitation to these values. Through much(prenominal) research, several(prenominal) values have been found that relate to baby boomers more than any other age segment. The first of many values is independence.This generation passim time has redefined that age group at that time they never stuck to their elderlys traditional values and beliefs. Whereas older generations tended to be more party-loyal with regards to politics, the baby boomer generation always had to know more about the parties, and the issues that bear upon them and that the parties stood for. Their independence also stemmed from the availability of options given to them that were not offered to their elders. They grew up in a time of affluence, and this ability for choice stuck with them throughout the years.This is an interesting value to be known by marketers as they would want to appeal to this. Positioning products in the minds of these consumers as giving them their independence, especially as they are now getting to a sta ge in their lives where they may shoot help, would be quite effective. A value that is held so dearly to the baby boomer is individualism. Again, stemming from their years being brought up, they were capable to create their own paths, and basically be whoever they so chose. This is wherefore life- insurance companies that offer customized plans do quite well.The individual wants to feel that their status is being considered, and that that they have choices with regards to costs and other aspects of a life- insurance plan. Another value is humanity. This is reflected in their desire for give way customer service. A company with friendly, helpful staff is definitely much more appreciated than those without. Though this group exceedingly upholds independence, they also want to know that when they go to purchase an item at a store, that they will be given the appropriate attention, and that the sales person would be competence in their field.The invention of the automated answeri ng machine that are so popularly used by companies today are abhorred by this generation. They want to talk to a real person, who would assist them as necessary. These companies have implement these answering machines to save on salaries. However, they are losing out on a potentiometer more than that amount because people are straying away from that. They are taking their business elsewhere. Comfort is a value that is upheld by the baby boomers. They want products that will fit well into their lives. They want commodities that will be compatible with their routines.The marketer of a product such a diabetes testing machine, a product that would be necessary in their lives once diagnosed with diabetes, should position the product as easy to use, and quick. This is extended to other cogitate values such as easily read literature on drugs. A marketer of a pharmacy should market his pharmacy as convenient for all their pharmaceutical needs. This then leads to the next value. Convenien ce is very important those in this age segment. Most of these values go return in hand, though many marketers, as mentioned before, have the belief that this age segment is going to buy their products anyway.Baby boomers want the added convenience that they can be offered. When choosing a housing arrangement, they would to know that if needed, medical attention would be readily available and easy to attain. As mentioned previously, baby boomers take a lot of time when considering prices. Special deals and price reductions appeal to them a lot money- saving incentives such as coupons, rebates and acceptance of various discount separate are considered by the baby boomers when deciding on what product to purchase. youth seems to be quite important today to the baby boomers. This however is sometimes misunderstood. The Baby boomers want to be healthy, and fit at their age. They are wanton with the age that they are at, however, they want to be able to enjoy their lives to the fullest . This is why many belong to health and fitness clubs. The misconceptions lies in the thought that they want to dress like younger generations, and involve themselves in activities typical of generation xers and younger this is certainly not true.They dont want to engage in the activities, but they want the feeling of being younger. They want that their age not be a limitation to the sense of thrill and upthrust that they would have felt when they were younger. The baby boomers want to feel secure. Security is a great need of baby boomers. However, they require different types of security fiscal security, home security, security of mind with regards to their health. Financial services marketed to the baby boomers have to take into consideration the various segments of baby boomers.For example, brokerage firms specifically target healthy hermits. The home security marketers would target the more affluent of the baby boomers because they would have their homes and their valuable item s to secure. Again, health security is one that is gained through cheer of mind. Firms targeting baby boomer health would be successful with tactics employing round- the- quantify ambulance services. Life Alert is a company that does quite well because of its attention to the security that that age segment requires.Though older generations than baby boomers would be more appealed to such an item, the older baby boomers are retiring and want that peace of mind that comes that is satisfied by Life Alert. A value that is well- known through the Maslows hierarchy of needs if self-actualization. Baby boomers tend to be intrinsically motivated they are interested in engaging in activities that will give them insight to themselves. They are still prying for what makes them them and they are impacted by advertising focused on this need. hereafter Expectations of The Baby Boomer SegmentBy 2029, the last of the baby boomers would turn 65 and are likely to represent 16% of the population. Currently, the oldest baby boomers are entering retirement, and as they represent 25% of the population, 18 years of indemnity payments are to be paid. The concern of many is that the payment of these pensions would be a burden on younger generations. Marketing toward their independence would bring great returns as they would feel like burdens to society. Health- insurance companies and financial service companies should target this segment now, in a way that would appeal to their secure futures.Beachbody and Baby Boomers The image preceding(prenominal) is one of the many that are found in the testimonials for Beach Bodys well-known fitness program, P90X. The woman seen above is Mary Crawford, who was a 61 year old out of shape, contented woman. She used the beachbody products over the course of two years, starting with the Power 90 series, then on to the Power 90 Master series, and then started the P90X program. The infomercial for this program can be seen on a variety of pipel ine stations that describe how high- impact it really is. Typically, one would not assume that a woman of 60+ would want to engage in such an activity.However, that is the view that is making marketers failures. Those were the opinions of baby boomers elders. Todays 47- 65 year old cohorts are willing to do what it takes to be fit and healthy. Team Beach Body is appeals to the baby boomers in several ways. Firstly, it appeals to their desire for the feeling of youth. Being healthy and fit is a major need for these people and they are able to attain this through beachbodys programs. Secondly, it appeals to their value of comfort. Beachbody offers an array of products for different levels of fitness. Like Ms.Crawford, someone would be able to go from very low fitness to an able- bodied, fit person. The infomercials are highly effective among this group because of its expansion on the product. It gives detailed descriptions of how the program plant and how it is different from other p rograms. Also, Tony Horton, the creator of P90X has a sense of care to him. He seems to truly care about the people he is helping with his product, and this is important to the baby boomers. He too, being born in 1958 is a baby boomer as such is an inspiration to other baby boomers. He is a sought after trainer to many.His infomercial is one that was able to catch the attention of many because unlike other infomercial that omen quick results with little effort, Tony Horton explains how the P90X program is a high intensity one that requires time and effort. At first, to a marketer, this seems almost blasphemous. However, it has proven to be effective. The baby boomers, being information seekers, want to gain information on products before purchasing. Tony Horton was able to present his program with extensive information and be honest, and that is what caught the attention of many.Referenceshttps//www.beachbody.com/text/success/2008/gamewinners/ss_maryc.htmlhttp//www.bloomberg.com/ne ws/2010-11-18/beachbody-thinking-beyond-the-infomercial.html

Application Letter

October 2012 Hon. Shirlita Y. Chong Municipal Mayor Liloan, southerly Leyte Dear Madam I would like to apply as census taker in the update survey of the 2009 result of the National Household Targeting scheme for Poverty Reduction (NHTS PR) by next year 2013. Im Arlene Salada, married a resident of Brgy. Ilag, Liloan Southern Leyte and a Bachelor of simple fosterage graduated at Tomas Oppus Normal College Tomas Oppus Southern Leyte. I release as BHW (Barangay Health Worker) for 5 years last 2002 up to 2007 at Brgy. Ilag , Liloan So. Leyte.I was also a Community Profiler Volunteer of Plan Philippines. Im hardworking and willing to be part of the NHTS-PR enumerators. Thank You. More Power. ARLENE B. SALADA applier List of Secretaries of facts of life (*) Acting Capacity Name experimental condition Began Term Ended President secretary of Public educational activity 1 Sergio Osmena 1935 1940 Manuel Quezon 2 Jorge Bocobo 1940 1941 secretarial assistant of Public Instruction , Health, and Public Welfare (1) Sergio Osmena 1941 1944 Manuel Quezon Minister of Public Instruction * Jorge Bocobo 1943 1945 Jose Laurel deposit of Information and Public relations 3 Carlos P. Romulo 1944 1945 Sergio Osmena Secretary of Public Instruction and Information 4 Francisco Benitez 1945 1945 Sergio Osmena Secretary of Education Francisco Benitez 1945 1946 Sergio Osmena Secretary of Instruction 5 Manuel Gallego 1946 1948 Manuel Roxas Secretary of Education 6 Prudencio Langcauon 1948 1953 Elpidio Quirino Secretary of Education, market-gardening and Sports 7 Lourdes Quisumbing February 1986 December 1989 Corazon Aquino 8 Isidro Carino January 1990 June 1992 Armand Fabella July 1992 July 1994 Fidel Ramos 10 Ricardo Gloria August 1994 December 1997 11 Erlinda Pefianco January 1998 June 1998 12 Bro. Andrew Gonzalez, FSC, Ph,D Hulyo 1998 January 2001 Joseph Estrada Secretary of Education 13 Raul Roco February 2001 August 2002 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 14 Edilbe rto de deliveryman phratry 2002 July 2004 15 Florencio Abad July 2004 July 2005 * Ramon Bacani July 2005 September 2005 * Fe Hidalgo September 2005 July 2006 6 Jesli Lapus July 2006 adjoin 2010 17 Mona Valisno March 2010 June 30, 2010 18 Bro. Armin Luistro, FSC June 30, 2010 Incumbent Benigno S. Aquino III Secretary of Education (Philippines) Secretary of Public Instruction SERGIO OSMENA JORGE BOCOBO 1935-1940 1940-1941 Secretary of Information and Public Relations Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports Dr. Lourdes R. Quisumbing February 1986 December 1989 CARLOS P. ROMULO 1944 1945Secretary of Public Instruction and InformationSecretary of Education, Culture and Sports 4 Francisco Benitez 1945 1945 Sergio Osmena Secretary of Education Francisco Benitez 1945 1946 Secretary of Instruction 5 Manuel Gallego 1946 1948 Secretary of Education 6 Prudencio Langcauon 1948 1953 Isidro Carino January 1990 June 1992 Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports Armand Fabella July 1992 July 1994 Secretary of Education, Culture and SportsSecretary of Education, Culture and Sports Erlinda Pefianco Bro. Andrew Gonzalez, FSC, Ph,D Hulyo 1998 January 2001 Joseph EstradaJanuary 1998 June 1998 Secretary of Education Secretary of Education Edilberto de Jesus Ramon Bacani September 2002 July 2004 July2005-Sept. 2005 Fe Hidalgo September 2005-July2006 Raul Roco February 2001 August 2002 Jose Abad Jesli Lapus Mona Valisno Luis Fermin July 2004-July 2005 July 2006- March 2010 March 2010-June 2010 June 30 2010

Family Nursing Diagnosis Essay

A patient is considered to be singular and unique in his or her own way, a family is iodine and classifiable within a company (Christianson, Powell, Huhn, & Blanton, 2012). According to Stanhope and Lancaster (2012), a family nurse discernment identifies family problem areas and family strengths that help build for hinderances to withstand health. In providing a family with care for diagnoses, utilization of appropriate family assessment tool would be of benefit (Christianson, Powell, Huhn, & Blanton, 2012). A.T. is a 36 year old Caucasian fe phallic who is 5 feet 3 inches and weighs 180 pounds. A. T. has two inveterate illnesses Hypertension and Diabetes, with prescribed medical checkup specialty that she is supposed to takes doubly a daylight. A.T. is a full judgment of conviction cashier at Marshalls and lives in the Old Salem, the minority area of Winston-Salem, North Carolina. A.T. lives with her three children and married man of five years.A.T. was married previou s and had two sons N.W. and H. W. She is currently in the surgical procedure of feelting full custody of her two oldest sons. Her husband T.T. is a 39 year old Caucasian male who is 5 feet 5 inches and weighs 230 pounds. He is self-employed as an electrician. T.T. was in a four wheeler happening two years ago which lacerated his lien. T.T. had surgery to remove his spleen. He takes daily medications to prevent serious infection. T.T. smokes one pack of cigarettes a day sometime in the home and outside. N.W. is 12 year old male who does not uniform work, precisely enjoys baseball and hunting. He has a wisdom learning disability and has an IEP with the school system to assist with learning submits. N.W. is in middle school. His school pour downs at 645 am which think N.W. has to be on the bus at 550 am beca persona the middle school is a 20 minutes from the familys home.H.W. is a 9 year old male. He enjoys school and spending time with his family and friends. E. T. is the f amilys five year old daughter who is in kindergarten at a title one school. E.T. has asthma which is controlled by Singular and albuterol inhaler. E.T. also has a speech delay and contacts speech therapist twice a week at school. The T family currently lives in a 1950 one story 1000 square foot ho persona with a basement. The family remodeled the basement to make two sleeping rooms, therefore, the home has four small bedroom and two bathrooms. A.T. dislikes the way the home was placed on the property. She feels she has no concealment because both homes to her right and left are extremely close. A. T. alsowould like a larger driveway due(p) to having to park on the driveway and a larger backyard.The family feels safe in their residential district due to biotic community watch by neighbors and the police patrol the area often. A. T. and T. T. has no family that lives set astir(predicate) but has numerous friends. A.T. enjoys reading, shopping, and spending time with family. A .T. and T.T. drink socially. A.T. and T.T. does not work on often. A.T. said that she has not been to a master(a) care runr in over three years and admitted that the whole family does not go to their primary coil care provider unless they are eruct or needs medication refills. A.T. said that she uses meditation and relaxation techniques to handle stressful situations. The family eats troubled food three times a week.Watsons theory of lovingness is the foundation for professional breast feeding (Simourd, 2013). Watsons theory of human feel for focus on the human aspects of nursing as it relates to scientific companionship and nursing practice (Simourd, 2013). Her theory focused on promoting health, preventing illnesses, condole with for the sick and restoring health (Simourd, 2013). Watsons theory promotes nurse and patient interaction but focuses on developing a compassionate relationship. Caring for patients promotes growth and caring environment which promotes healing. Watson believed that holistic health care is central to the practice of caring in nursing (Nursing Theory, 2013). Many of the Watsons carative factors are helpful for community health nurses.Several carative factors focus on the nurses offend of the caring relationship in clarifying values to the clients (Nursing Theory, 2013). Understanding ones self and being sensitive to others is as important in caring for the community as individuals. Community caring occurs within a helping-trusting relationship and is directed toward protecting and enhancing the self-esteem of other (Nursing Theory, 2013). Watsons theory is connected to community health by means of it focus of promoting health, preventing illnesses, and restoring health. oneness nursing diagnoses for the T family is Nutrition, Altered Imbalance more than body requirement link up to increasing BMI for both parents and the children. wellnessy mountain 2020 Leading Health index number related to this nursing diagnosing is N utrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (Healthy people 2020, 2013). One nursing treatment related to the nursing diagnosis includes providing commandment to the family closely appropriate calorie intake, the need to summation the intake of fruits and vegetables, the importance to trim down sugar intake among the children, and to reduce fast food.Another nursing intervention is connecting the family with the Forsyth County discussion section of universe Health for nutrition classes and cooking class that is offered through Cooperative Extension Service. A third nursing intervention is to hash out and implement an exercise plan with the family that includes at least one moment of vigorous exercise separately day as tolerated. Good nutrition, physiological activity, and healthy weight are essential parts of a individuals overall health and well-being (Healthy People 2020, 2013). The second nursing diagnoses for the T family is Ineffective Health Maintenance related to ins ufficient association nearly the detrimental set up of active and passive take in. Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicator related to this nursing diagnosis is tobacco plant plant (Healthy People 2020, 2013). One nursing intervention is to provide education to T.T. about the effects of secondhand smoke and provide education to T.T. about smoking outside and not around the family (Wang, Hu, & Lam, 2011). Second nursing intervention is to provide education on expirations and identify triggers that increase tobacco usage (Wang, Hu, & Lam, 2011).A third nursing intervention is to provide T.T. information to QuitlineNC which provides free cessation service to any North Carolina resident who needs assistance quitting tobacco use (OuitlineNC.com, 2014). The QuitlineNC information is provided through the Forsyth County Department of Public Health. Tobacco use is one of the most single preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States (Healthy People 2020, 2013). Tobacco usage is one of the United States deadliest and most costly public health challenges (Healthy People 2020, 2013). The third nursing diagnosis for the T family is Ineffective Health Maintenance related to limited use of primary care provider.One nursing intervention is to provide education about the value and need for regular preventive visits with a primary care provider for the family. Second nursing intervention is to assist the stainless family in obtaining a primary care provider appointment for each(prenominal) member of the family and remind the family of the appointments that are scheduled. A third nursing intervention is assessing the barriers related to former the family isinconsistent with primary care visits. Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicator related to this nursing diagnosis is portal to Health Services (Healthy People 2020, 2013). Increasing access and providing information about routine medical care is one essential step in improving the h ealth of all Ameri bottomlands (Healthy People 2020, 2013).There are a few legal and ethical devotions in the community of Winston-Salem. The homes within the metropolis are built close to each other. Homes close together may have been completed so that contractors could maximum the number of homes within the city. In doing so, this has violated the residents privacy and sense of space. A solving for this concern is that the city of Winston-Salem provides each resident with a privacy postulate around the property. Another legal and ethical consideration in the community is that the City of Winston-Salem fire department is limiting the number of emergency medical calls due to an increase in fuel amounts and usage. The residents concerns continue to rise due to the limited number of ambulances and personal.Solutions to this concern is to have the Winston-Salem Fire Department start back running medical calls with Emergency Services or to increase the number of paramedics and ambul ance within the community. A third legal and ethical consideration for the community of Winston-Salem is banning cigarette smoke on and around County property, the local hospitals, and the property of the school system. Secondhand smoke is as dangerous as first hand smoke. Secondhand smoke brush off cause genus Cancer and affectionateness-disease for non-smokers. A solution for this concern is for the Forsyth County Department of Public Health to abet to the county commissioners to ban cigarette smoke on and around county property, local hospitals, and school systems.I exit advocate and provide case management operate for the T family. I will excuse options for access to care and explain the importance of playing an active role in their healthcare. T.T. has no spleen, therefore, it is snappy for him to use services within the community to prevent disease and maintain compliance with medications. E.T. has asthma it is a chronic condition that requires frequent supervise and education. Medications can be expensive and it is important that E.T. stays compliant with herhealthcare. A.T. plant full time receiving minimum wage and T.T. attempts to work as some(prenominal) as possible but is not guaranteed hours or money which can be stressful for the family. I am committed to assisting the family with community resources. A.T. and T.T. can use services at the Forsyth County Department of Public Health, Southside United Health Center, or Community Care Clinic for primary care related to medical and dental due to having no insurance.The T family health will be affected by secondhand smoke at home and in the community. E.T. suffers from asthma therefore, the secondhand smoke can trigger asthma exacerbation. E.T. mustiness carry her Albuterol inhaler at all times. T.T. has no spleen therefore, he has an increased risk for infection. A.T. has hypertension that can lead to heart problems such as CHF and MI. Stress can elevate the wrinkle compress and cause se rious health issues. Stressors for A.T. are the well-being of her children, an attempt to get full custody of her two sons, her children learning concerns, and financial concerns. It is important that A.T. supervise her blood pressure at least daily and to check her blood sugar three times a day before each meal. A.T. needs to keep a log of the values. Due to A.T.s chronic condition her role as mother and primary caregiver could stir at any time.A.T. and T.T. are reluctant in allowing the whole family to receive flu vaccination. A.T. is against the vaccination because of the negative feedback she has heard about the Flu vaccination. She explained that the reason she was reluctant to the vaccination, stating that she heard the vaccination was a live virus, therefore, she feels the family would get the flu. My tactual sensation was different from A.T. because I am aware that the flu vaccination is an dormant form of the virus that is injected into individuals, to allow the body to build up immunity. I explained the reason the flu vaccination is needed each year and A.T. express that she would get the family their flu vaccination this fall (Oppel, 2012).I explained to A.T. that the Forsyth County Department of Public Health can provide more education on the need of the vaccination and can administer the vaccination free to the family. Education for this family will include healthy eating habits, daily exercise regimen, smoking cessation, the effects of second hand smoke, health management, and health access. Resources available tothis family are Forsyth County Department of Public, Community Care Clinic, Southside United Health Care center, and QuitlineNC. These resources were chosen because the family displayed and speak needs for education.

Internet Gambling Essay

This document will inform you about the history of lucre looseness, the existing issues, and a number of concerns involved with online gaming. Prior to the launching of the reality Wide Web in 1993 which changed the setting of dramatic play, people had to travel gravid distances to gamble. The worlds first virtual online casino, meshwork Casinos, Inc. (ICI) commenced operation on August 18, 1995 with 18 different casino games.Most of these online frolic companies argon located outside of the U. S.to avoid government prosecution. ICI operates out of the Turks and Caicos Islands (Kish, 1999). whiz of the briny reasons internet manoeuvre started was because of speak tos. The value to start up an internet gambling station is around 1. 5 one thousand million dollars, which is half of what it costs to in reality construct a casino. ICI estimates that the company averages about a twenty quartet percent profit margin, versus the typical United States casino, which ranges from e ight percent to cardinal percent of each dollar wagered (Kish, 1999).An estimated twenty million people be currently online with a projected 160 million online by the course 2020. The overall market for online gambling is estimated to be approximately $49 gazillion worldwide (Kish, 1999). The history of internet gambling is only a ecstasy old, save, its history will hold on for several more. There argon several existing issues facing internet gambling. The first issues we will talk over atomic number 18 how to regulate internet gambling.The question raised by the event of Internet gambling is whether old lawsbased mainly on a world of atoms atomic number 18 still viable, and if non, in which way the Internet should be regulated (Walther, 2000). Some scholars believe that internet gambling needs to be regulated, and of course there are those that say let the owners of the sites regulate themselves. regulatory procedures can be targeted at either or both of the providers and the consumers of gambling services.In the case of consumers, regulation is usually implemented by age, through with(predicate) suppression of the participation of minors. Procedures might also be contrived to prohibit problem gamblers or undischarged bankrupts from engaging in gambling (Clarke, 2000). another(prenominal) existing problem with internet gambling is The Wire defend which was intend to assist the states, territories and possessions of the United States, as well as the District of Columbia, in enforcing their respective laws on gambling and bookmaking and to suppress organized gambling activities. branch (a) of the Wire Act, a criminal provision, provides Whoever being engaged in the melody of betting or wagering knowingly uses a outfit conversation installment for the transmission in interstate or foreign commerce of bets or wagers or information assisting in the placing of bets or wagers on any uninfected event or contest, or for the transmission of a wire comm unication which entitles the recipient to receive bills or credit as a result of bets or wagers, or for information assisting in the placing of bets or wagers, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than dickens years, or both (Rodefer, 2003).During the House of Representatives debate on the bill, Congressman Emanuel Celler, lead of the House Judiciary Committee stated this bill only gets after the bookmaker, the gambler who makes it his business to take bets or to lay off bets. . . It does not go after the causal gambler who bets $2 on a race (Rodefer, 2003). What the government is having a problem with is that most internet gambling sites are run ran in foreign countries, and they cannot enforce this act against them. What they are trying to do is change the act to include these third parties.An eccentric of this is the introduction of the Internet caper Prohibition Act of 1997 (Walther, 2000). The bill would take away prohibited Internet gambling by extendin g the Wire Acts prohibitions on traditional forms of gambling by phone or wire to the Internet (Walther, 2000). This amendment would provide penalties for online bets and wagers. This so far seems to be the best solution, however ethical and moral dilemmas still rest in the hands of our lawmakers today. The conterminous issue facing internet gambling is evaluatees. This seems to be the governments biggest issue.This is because of the one million millions of dollars we mentioned for profit by these online sites, government can gain significant derive of money from it. The legalization of Internet gambling may cause states to omit some revenue generated from legalized gambling operations because many gamblers would hand their money online (Lassani, 1998). Moreover, states lose revenue by not being able to tax gamblers who win over the Internet. Gamblers who win over the Internet keep up an fillip not to pay taxes on their winnings because the Internal Revenue process (IRS) la cks the resources to track online gamblers (Lassani, 1998).The likelihood of addiction to Internet gambling among both children and adults is an passing important concern. In relation to addiction, children are more likely to conk out habituate to something new than adults (Smith, 2004). For example, the video game-like nature of virtual casinos, labeled the lose it cocaine of gambling, could make online gambling a temptation difficult to resist. Furthermore, the occurrence that the Internet gambler need not leave the comfort and concealment of his or her home could mean that an individual might become easy addicted.This is the worst thing about internet gambling, because there will not be anyone to detect if a person is addicted or not. consequently the only aid they will get is their selves, and that leaves the player defenseless against the dependency of gambling. Having to go to the casino to gamble has better chances of knowing who is addicted and who is not, they have hired hands to detect this problem, unlike the home atmosphere. Kevin ONeill, legate Director of New Jerseys Council on Compulsive bid says The real threat comes from the isolation and secrecy of the betting activity itself. I call this threat the cave syndrome due to the gamblers disjointed behavior and hidden activity (Wharry, 2001). In closing the short lived humanity Wide Web as created pandemonium with our lawmakers. The dilemma of how everyone interprets the Wire Act is a major concern. The efforts to amend it to make all users liable for apply the websites are tiresome, and stopping foreigners from creating internet gambling sites seems never-ending since the United States cannot conquer them.In just over a decade there are over twenty million users, expected to increase to 160 million in the next 14 years. Its revenue is over 49 billion dollars and increasing. There are more profit margins with online gambling than the traditional casino. The cost to create a gambling web is 1. 5 million dollars compared to the three hundred million to build a casino, this creates profit and increases attendance because of its trouble-free access.One important concern with internet gambling is addiction. Children are easily addicted to new things than adults and it will make it harder to project and detect gambling addiction. Internet gambling is a good creation for those people who can control themselves, but for those who cannot have a greater chance to end up bankrupt. Thus we can see from this example alone, why lawmakers are having such(prenominal) problems to secure the problem, do they let it carry on or let people put themselves in jeopardy of losing everything.Michael Bolcerek the President of The Poker stem said, Its a personal liberty issue with regard to how you spend your money and what you see over the Internet(Roth, 2006). References Clarke, R. (2000, December). The feasibility of regulating gambling on the internet . Retrieved may 5, 2006, fr om Regulations of internet gambling Web site http//www. anu. edu. au/people/Roger. Clarke/II/FeasIGR. html Kish, S. (1999). An analysis of the governments role in addressing internet gambling. Betting on the Net, 51(no 2), 449-6. Lessani, A.M. (1998, May). How much do you want to bet that the internet gambling prohibition act of 1997 is not the most effective way to tackle the problems of online gambling.Retrieved May 4, 2006, from The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act An Analysis Web site http//www. gseis. ucla. edu/iclp/alessani. html Rodefer, J. (2003). national wire wager act. Retrieved May 5, 2006, from Gambling-Law- US. com Web site http//www. gambling-law-us. com/Federal-Laws/wire-act. htm Roth, B. (2006, April 25).Foes try to suppress online gambling.Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, 1. Smith, A. (2004). Controversial and emerging issues associates with eybergambling (e-casinos). Online Information Review. 28(6), 435-443. Walther, F. M. (2000). A comparative u. s. -swis s perspective. Retrieved May 5, 2006, from Internet Gambling Related Regulatory Questions and Enforcement Problems Web site http//stlr. stanford. edu/STLR/Events/gambling/contents_f. htmlnote5 Wharry, S. (2001). E-Gambling threat worries addiction experts. You Bet Your Life, 165, 325.

Impact of Telecommunications on National Development and Globalization

Telecommunicating is the perception and technology of communication at a distance by electronic transmission of impulses via telegraph, cable, teleph hotshot, radio or television. Unprecedented growth in swindleing exchange from 281 petabytes in 1986 to 65 exabytes in 2007 has necessitated the continuous inventions by telecom industries to meet up with the demand and this has significantly widened up the industry all over the geezerhood. Consequently, telecommunication industry has impacted positively on National developing and globalization.Thus, National instruction can be seen as a wreak that involves extending the benefits of development such(prenominal) as constructing of roads, sinking of boreholes, building of schools, hospitals, etc to the quite a little. National development cannot be possible without development communication, hence, telecommunication. Development communication is the use of communication in the development assist. Thus, telecommunication indust ry has made it easier for the development agents to give-up the ghost to the deal, to carryout the development programme effectivetly via Radio, Television, etc.Secondly, Telecommunication industry made communication easier, distant the days when people depend on written letters,etc to communicate with one an opposite. Atleast one can stay at the comfort of his/her house and come across out to someone very far from him via telephone, skype, fax, etc. Thirdly, with the aid of telecom, people get to learn new culture, languages, new ways of doing things like body politic and the likes through satelites, internet, etc. All these, help in the development of the Nation.Globalisation this is the process of internationation integration arising from the interchange of worldviews, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. It can also be seen as the fact that different cultures and frugal systems around the world are comely connected and similar to each other because of the influen ce of large multi guinea pig companies and of change communication. Thus, telecom industry has impacted immensely to globalisation. If not for improved way of communication, that is with the invention of satelite, cable, internet, Tv, Radio, etc.There is no way someone in Nigeria go away get to know what is happening in America. But with telecom, we get to learn languages, culture, make business deals, trade, etc between one country and another. Finally, three areas telecom industry has affected business marketing, communication amongst human and aided national security. The service revenue of global telecom industry was estimated to be $1. 7trillion in 2008. These operate include wireless communications, communication equipments and related ancillary services such as sales and marketing of equipments, installation and repairs of gadgets.This has over the years generated over 40 million jobs globally. Reducing the mitigating effect of world economic crisis which had crumbled the world economy. Online trading activities which include Forex trading has directly been facilitated and this has contributed immensely to the rank domestic products of the economy. There is no perfect society devoid of quarrels, misunderstanding, military force verbal and physical. This translates into the world at large diplomatic rows, boundary disputes, genocides,etc.Telecommunication and and then telecom industry have made it possible to check the scourge posed by communal classes and diplomatic vandetta. It becomes possible to monitor wars and other happenings within a location through the world geographical satelites. Disasters such as the Tsunami in Japan were adequately managed to prevent the extiction of the whole generations of people via relief materials donated by philantropist and other donors. Through internet, ideas, views, products, etc can be divided up easily between people and from the comfort of their homes or offices.

Zara Fast Fashion Giant

Using at least one of the comp whatever/industry think databases available to you at the Marcus (or some other) Library, as well as the wedded articles and case studies, enliven provide a 5 page assess ment of, and proposal for, Ezra as follows Context Briefly outline the scope of the companys operations, including of inserts, the countries in which it operates, of employees, annual meretriciousness and its history. Ezra is owned by Inedited AS (Industrial De Dieses Textile AS) headquartered in Artesia La corposant Spain with companies chthonic the name of Ezra atomic number 18 located in the argonas sited below.Inedited sells on a b completely-shaped scale, with 4,900 shops in close 75 countries under different name such as Ezra, Shoo, Misaims Duty, Pull and Bear, Berserk, Strabismus, Ezra Home, and Torque. Inedited reported that for 2014 gross gross sales they made $22. 76 billion with a one year sales growth. Their sack up income was $3. 24 billion which was a on e year net income growth. Their totality assets were $18. 72 billion with a market value of $81. 85 billion. Ezra Spans AS headquartered in Artesia, La Corona Spain is the flagship brand for Inedited AS and is considered the cheap-chic subsidiary.Ezra runs about 2,350 stores in major(ip) cities worldwide, as well as, some 165 Ezra Kids shops in 75 countries and cxxv shops across Canada, the US, and Mexico. Ezra is considered a range of a function and sells womens, mens and childrens appargonl. They besides offer plus-size and gestation period lines. I didnt locate any information regarding who sells the plus-size and maternal quality garments and they are not sold online. Ezra began in 1975 and is Indiess main range and brings in more than two- thirds of its total sales. Ninety-nine percent of Ezra stores are company-owned and other franchises or Joint ventures.Ezra has a clear focus and vision in the wearable market because they film captured the regards of heir customers. They flummox shortened the conventional supply chain response time from 5-7 months to 2-eh months. Ezra makes about of their raw material. The stay 60% is outsourced from inwardly Spain, mostly from the La Curran. Designing of dress at Ezra is done by creative teams of over 300 professionals at the home base in La Curran, Spain. After the garments are sewn, the clothes are returned to Saras facilities for iron out by an fabrication line of workers.Saras merchandise assortment is great in terms of color, styles and accessories for women, men and children. The tog sizes are based on European body types which are rustically small than American body types. After this, the clothing items are intent in plastic and transported on conveyor belts to a group of lusus naturae warehouses. In the warehouse, the customized machines patterned after the equipment used by overnight packet boat services, sorts, packs, labels, and allocates clothing items for shipment to Saras sell stores .For Saras retail stores within a 24- arcminute drive, goods are delivered by truck whereas goods meant for stores beyond 24- mo drive are delivered by cargo Jets. On a global average of 17 visits per customer per year. This is higher than the three visits to its competitors. This wreak prevents any bottlenecks in the erect integration supply chain. Ezra is constantly communicating with retail managers regarding what their customers needs are. much(prenominal) as, what styles are selling, comments customers make about design features they desire or dont like. Saras origin supply is small and they make frequent shipments to all their stores.The quick reversal of merchandise helps generate revenue, reduce inventory, eliminate debt and hold in their customers happy. The competitors rely intemperately on end of gruntle sales and dispirited Friday sales in rove to reduce inventory and eliminate debt. 2. How does Saras exploit of this mix contrast to that of a master(a) Int ricate competitor. Saras competitors rely on their products being knowing in one location, shipped to a company abroad to make the clothes and shipped to a distribution center where the garments are inspected and hence shipped to the various store locations.The vertical integration in the supply chain definitely creates challenges for the designers, who have are competing with other designers having garments produced by the same shaper and factory closes schedules. If products are delayed, the companys risk not having products in their stores on time. extra challenges for designers are working one to two years in right on lines per season. Their stores lay out new products during the four seasons (fall, holiday, winter, spring/ summer).Surplus inventory is stored in their distribution centers and shipped to the stores when they need to restock, fill special orders and complete online orders. Saras competitors conduct sales in order to deplete their inventory and to prepare fo r the next season of merchandise. The challenge with this process is that it generally creates overstock in the stores storage populate and added pressures to the employees who work in these areas. 3. What do you believe Ezra does particularly well or poorly? relieve your reasoning. *Advertising Prices should compare to online logbook.Prices are lower in U. S. Although, Ezra is the leader in getting new styles to the customers on a periodic basis, the customers must be aware that you must try on garments because they are based on European sizes which meaner they fit smaller than their competitors. 3. ) Explain what is meant by the term strategic competitive advantage and identify the way(s) in which Ezra has formal one vs.. Its primary competitors the Data cases can be helpful here.Zara Fast Fashion goliathUsing at least one of the company/industry related databases available to you at the Marcus (or some other) Library, as well as the attached articles and case studies, pleas e provide a 5 page judgement of, and proposal for, Ezra as follows Context Briefly outline the scope of the companys operations, including of stores, the countries in which it operates, of employees, annual volume and its history. Ezra is owned by Inedited AS (Industrial De Dieses Textile AS) headquartered in Artesia La Corona Spain with companies under the name of Ezra are located in the areas sited below.Inedited sells on a global scale, with 4,900 shops in about 75 countries under different names such as Ezra, Shoo, Misaims Duty, Pull and Bear, Berserk, Strabismus, Ezra Home, and Torque. Inedited reported that for 2014 sales they made $22. 76 billion with a one year sales growth. Their net income was $3. 24 billion which was a one year net income growth. Their total assets were $18. 72 billion with a market value of $81. 85 billion. Ezra Spans AS headquartered in Artesia, La Corona Spain is the flagship brand for Inedited AS and is considered the cheap-chic subsidiary.Ezra run s about 2,350 stores in major cities worldwide, as well as, some 165 Ezra Kids shops in 75 countries and 125 shops across Canada, the US, and Mexico. Ezra is considered a chain and sells womens, mens and childrens apparel. They also offer plus-size and maternity lines. I didnt locate any information regarding who sells the plus-size and maternity garments and they are not sold online. Ezra began in 1975 and is Indiess main chain and brings in more than two- thirds of its total sales. Ninety-nine percent of Ezra stores are company-owned and other franchises or Joint ventures.Ezra has a clear focus and vision in the clothing market because they have captured the needs of heir customers. They have shortened the conventional supply chain response time from 5-7 months to 2-eh months. Ezra makes about of their raw material. The remaining 60% is outsourced from within Spain, mostly from the La Curran. Designing of clothes at Ezra is done by creative teams of over 300 professionals at the h eadquarters in La Curran, Spain. After the garments are sewn, the clothes are returned to Saras facilities for ironing by an assembly line of workers.Saras merchandise assortment is great in terms of color, styles and accessories for women, men and children. The clothing sizes are based on European body types which are rustically small than American body types. After this, the clothing items are wrapped in plastic and transported on conveyor belts to a group of giant warehouses. In the warehouse, the customized machines patterned after the equipment used by overnight parcel services, sorts, packs, labels, and allocates clothing items for shipment to Saras retail stores.For Saras retail stores within a 24- hour drive, goods are delivered by truck whereas goods meant for stores beyond 24- hour drive are delivered by cargo Jets. On a global average of 17 visits per customer per year. This is higher than the three visits to its competitors. This process prevents any bottlenecks in the v ertical integration supply chain. Ezra is constantly communicating with retail managers regarding what their customers needs are. Such as, what styles are selling, comments customers make about design features they like or dont like. Saras inventory supply is small and they make frequent shipments to all their stores.The quick turnaround of merchandise helps generate revenue, reduce inventory, eliminate debt and keep their customers happy. The competitors rely heavily on end of season sales and black Friday sales in order to reduce inventory and eliminate debt. 2. How does Saras execution of this mix compare to that of a primary Intricate competitor. Saras competitors rely on their products being designed in one location, shipped to a company overseas to make the clothes and shipped to a distribution center where the garments are inspected and then shipped to the various store locations.The vertical integration in the supply chain definitely creates challenges for the designers, who have are competing with other designers having garments produced by the same manufacturer and factory closes schedules. If products are delayed, the companys risk not having products in their stores on time. Additional challenges for designers are working one to two years in advanced on lines per season. Their stores introduce new products during the four seasons (fall, holiday, winter, spring/ summer).Surplus inventory is stored in their distribution centers and shipped to the stores when they need to restock, fill special orders and complete online orders. Saras competitors conduct sales in order to deplete their inventory and to prepare for the next season of merchandise. The challenge with this process is that it generally creates overstock in the stores storage room and added pressures to the employees who work in these areas. 3. What do you believe Ezra does particularly well or poorly? Explain your reasoning. *Advertising Prices should compare to online logbook.Prices are l ower in U. S. Although, Ezra is the leader in getting new styles to the customers on a weekly basis, the customers must be aware that you must try on garments because they are based on European sizes which meaner they fit smaller than their competitors. 3. ) Explain what is meant by the term strategic competitive advantage and identify the way(s) in which Ezra has established one vs.. Its primary competitors the Data cases can be helpful here.

Videogames Benefits

or so people think that playing video games will lead you to a life of crime, delinquency, and misery. The opposite, however, is true. Video games preempt be utilize properly to modify the coordination and concentration physically, socially, and mentally to benefit the user. Does this mean kids should spend all day playing? No. This occurs when they argon used properly and in moderation. perverse to what most of the people believes, video games can actually help your motorskills no matter how younger people are.Most of the people who play videogames do non know that there is a research that shows that certain video games can reduce fat causing global weight loss. Other sources put in that doctors have instructed parents to let their children play video games to help control focus. It is found that video games can improve hand eye coordination and have been used for rehabilitation of wounded soldiers. Gamming has developed in technology that has been created for many virgin positive effects. Over the years video games had become popular and enhanced.Another emf benefit of video games is they aid in improving language and instruction new words of various languages. This is because every game contains certain rules and instruction manual according to which the game can be played. So, it is very necessary for the worker to be able to understand the instruction. Video games help the child in recognizing the alphabet and numbers. It similarly helps in building the children vocabulary. The University of Cambridge states that in a teach with wholeness set of surgeons played video games for 3 hours a week, darn the other set played none.The set that played the video games make 37 part fewer mistakes during laparoscopic surgery and finished the surgery 27 percent faster. In a identify study, gamers and athletes were compared upon their hand eye coordination. masses who played both sports and games were the highest, followed by gamers, and then athlete s. In two separate studies, video game players had better success identifying items in visual environments. adept study showed that people who played action games had a 20 percent better success rate in identifying a T in a cluttered environment.In another study, those who play action video games on a regular basis can process visual training faster and can track 30 percent more objects than non-gamers. (University of Cambridge) frolic can also make you smarter. People who play video games can display intelligence by solving in-game problems. Managing multiple objectives and multiple resources is one of the goals of the game that can help you become smarter. The people can also improve their understanding ability by learning the rules of the game and what outline works the best for the user.Since video games are driven by goals (find the princess in the White Mountain), people will have to think and analyze the environments in order to complete problems that lead them to complet e the main task so gaming will develop the areas of think and analysis of the people involved. still playing too much can lead people to addiction and many other negative consequences. The good part is that there are positive outcomes to gaming like Getting smarter, becoming better with your pass on and being able to see better is a good outcome. This lonesome(prenominal) applies when used properly.

“I, Too Sing America” by Langston Hughes Essay

Poem I, in addition spill the States is considered to be very characteristic for radical poesy of Langston Hughes. The majority of literary critiques and historians refer to Hughes as one of the first the Statesn poets, who set the standards and examples how to repugn the post-World War I ethnic nationalism. His poetry contri provideded and shaped to some close the politics of the Harlem Renaissance. In analysis of Black poetry Charles S. Johnson wrote that the new racial poetry of the Negro is the expression of something more than experimentation in a new technique it marks the birth of a new racial consciousness and self-conception. It is first of all a frank acceptance of race, but the recognition of this difference without the usual implications of disparity (145). Being acquainted with many Hughess works, for instance Our Land, The Negro Speaks of Rivers, and of course I, Too Sing America, Johnson sustain that poet had a well-set sense of race pride and characterized Hugh ess poetry to be without doubt the finest expression of this new Negro Poetry (145). more or less literary critiques refer to Hughess poem I Too Sing America as radical poetry. However, if in this poem Hughes chose to sacrifice prowess for politics, it was not because the two atomic number 18 mutually exclusive. The main reason for overmuch(prenominal) Hughess technique is that the blues aesthetic of his early poems embraced a rule of nationalism he could no longer abide (147). Hughes himself concludes that the chief business of the black-market writer was to produce a racial literature pull from African American life and culture. We younger Negro artists who create, Hughes wrote, now fix to express our individual macabre-skinned selves without fear or shame (309).Onwuchekwa Jemie, who place Hughes as a black nationalist, notes that Hughess insistence on a distinct black art is a recognition of the fact that Afro-Americans are a distinct people within the American natio n (103). Therefore, I, Too creates a feeling of an individual versus a large group enhancing the solitude felt. The poem recognizes an actual in tallyity African Americans felt during a while period of racial discrimination. Hughes recognizes that although different in color, all people animateness in America were Americans and deserved to be treated not solely equally, but with dignity and honor. Therefore, he poetically forecasts the trends America experienced in 1960s when the equal status of blacks was nominal.Hughes is not known for using gobs of symbolism. His poetry is generally straight forward and to the point. There is not much mystic meaning in his poetry either. What little symbolism he does use is very deep. It can be interpreted in a many number of ways. I Too Sing America has mental and cultural references such as intergroup stereotyping, communication, cooperation, and conflict. Moreover, it sounds like a slogan, appeal to warm action. Therefore he hides his radicalism in very title of the poem, which is not a poem at a closer look but a song. It is very crucial to perceive I Too Sing America as a song, emotional, radical, political, but still focused on black aesthetics.The poem is about the hope of one day being equal it is expressed in each stanza at least once.I jokeAnd eat wellAnd grow strong.These lines represent hope along with de bournination. It similarly gives us insight to the style that Hughes uses in all his poetry. He uses wittiness in most of his writing to convey his message. What the put-on represents is his thoughts of the future. I laugh They impart laugh, and will be happy. Moreover, laugh means that hell be able to look back.Eating is another interesting symbol. Most belike it represents learning and knowledge. Without knowledge one cannot further themselves in life or make themselves better. Eating well means to learn well and reserve the knowledge. Growing strong represents the retaining of the knowledge. N ot only does this mean to grow strong with knowledge but for the voices of equality to grow stronger. The biggest use of symbolism is the lowest line I, too, am America. In Walt Whitmans poem I project America singing the American people are just the operative class, Anglo Saxons. The line I, too,am America shouts out that someone was forgotten, an poetic take over of many years of oppression and discrimination. Whom are you are going to oppress. Hughess answer is yourself. People oppressed themselves yesterday, are oppressing today, but will not tomorrow. Tomorrow will come and no one will be neglected.The psychological and cultural references are not as blatantly set(p) as the symbolism. The darker brother represents the black man trough a metaphor. In society darkness is used to symbolize evil. Poet employs such a term not accidentally. Placing dark, Hughes emphasizes term black. Eating in the kitchen represents repression. Most Kitchens are hidden much like the suffering of African Americans. They were hidden from the participation the company can be interpreted as a metaphor for unusual countries, or people in general. Most American people were contrivance to the horror and brutality of slavery. Slavery was also psychological, that is why the knowledge is important. originally one can rise up, one must first trace what it is they are rising up against.TomorrowIll be at the tableWhen company comesNobodyll dareSay to me,Eat in the kitchen,Then.Above lines show that dark brothers have learned and will no longer be held down. It also shows the strength of their voices that no one will challenge any longer. It describes the future and the foregone using the kitchen as theworld. The trounce realization is made at the end of the poemBesides,Theyll see how beauteous I amAnd be ashamed.Poet employs contrast technique to put a parallel between ugly black today and beautiful dark brother of tomorrow, making a transparent window through past to future. C aptive Negro waits for tomorrow beauty and finally he will be rewarded for his patience and sufferings. In these last words, as many analysts believe, Hughes makes an tension on black culture, its terrific features and diversity. Rampersad writes, through the display of black sensitivity, intelligence, and esthetical versatility, it was believed, uninfecteds would come to a new understanding of the charitableity of African Americans and swear out to accelerate social change (16). If anything were going to convince a white America of the humanity and equality of blacks, it would have to be culture, that realm where human beings differentiate themselves from the savage and aspire to the divine.BibliographyJohnson, Charles S. Jazz and Blues. Critical Essays on Langston Hughes. Ed. Edward J. Mullen. capital of Massachusetts Hall, 1986.Onwuchekwa, Jemie. Hughess Black Esthetic. Critical Essays on Langston Hughes. Ed. Edward J. Mullen. Boston Hall, 1986.Rampersad, Arnold. Introductio n. The impertinently Negro. Ed. Alain Locke. New York Atheneum 1992.Hughes L. Good Morning Revolution Uncollected Writings of Langston Hughes. Ed. organized religion Berry. New York Carol Publishing Group, 1992. 159-61.

The Lost Symbol Chapter 86-89

CHAPTER 86In the cerulean glow of his basement softlys, Malakh stood at the stone table and go along his preparations. As he worked, his empty stomach growled. He salaried no heed. His days of servitude to the whims of his flesh were behind him.Transformation requires sacrifice.Like worldy of historys close to spiritually evolved men, Malakh had committed to his path by making the noblest of flesh sacrifices. castration had been slight painful than he had imagined. And, he had learned, further more(prenominal) common. every year, thousands of men underwent surgical geldingorchiectomy, as the process was dealntheir motivations ranging from transgender issues, to moderate sexual addictions, to deep-seated spiritual beliefs. For Malakh, the terra firmas were of the highest character. Like the mythological self-castrated Attis, Malakh knew that achieving imsomebodyity required a clean break with the material bea of male and female.The androgyne is one.Nowadays, eunuchs were shunned, although the ancients still the inherent power of this transmutational sacrifice. Even the early Christians had perceive Jesus Himself animate its virtues in Matthew 1912 in that respect be those who nominate do themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. He who is able to bring this, let him accept it. instrument Solomon had make a flesh sacrifice, although a single arrive at was a small price in the grand scheme. By darks end, however, Solomon would be sacrificing overmuch, much more.In order to create, I moldiness destroy.Such was the nature of polarity. spear Solomon, of course, deserved the fate that awaited him tonight. It would be a trying on end. Long agone, he had played the pivotal role in Malakhs mortal life path. For this reason, Peter had been chosen to play the pivotal role in Malakhs with child(p) translateation. This man had earned all the horror and pain he was ab come to the fore to endure. Peter Solomon was not the man the wo rld conceptualized he was.He sacrificed his own son.Peter Solomon had once presented his son, Zachary, with an impossible choicewealth or wisdom. Zachary chose poorly. The boys decision had begun a chain of events that eventually dragged the offspring man into the depths of hell. Soganlik Prison. Zachary Solomon had died in that Turkish prison. The whole world knew the story . . . yet what they didnt know was that Peter Solomon could restrain saved his son.I was there, Malakh thought. I heard it all.Malakh had never bury that night. Solomons brutal decision had meant the end of his son, Zach, tho it had been the birth of Malakh.Some must die that others may live. As the light over Malakhs head began changing color again, he realize the hour was late. He completed his preparations and headed screen up the ramp. It was time to attend to matters of the mortal world.CHAPTER 87All is revealed at the thirty-third degree, Katherine thought as she ran. I know how to transform the gain The answer had been right in front of them all night.Katherine and Langdon were alone now, chivalrous through the cathedrals annex, following signs for The Garth. Now, exactly as the dean had promised, they burst out of the cathedral into a massive, walled-in courtyard.The cathedral garth was a cloistered, pentagonal garden with a bronze postmodern fountain. Katherine was amazed how loudly the fountains flowing piss entrancemed to be reverberating in the courtyard. Then she realized it was not the fountain she was hearing. cleaver she shouted as a beam of light pierced the night sky above them. Get under that porticoThe dazzling glare of a searchlight flooded the garth average as Langdon and Katherine reached the other side, slipping down the stairs a Gothic arch into a tunnel that led to the outside lawn. They waited, flock in the tunnel, as the eggbeater passed overhead and began circling the cathedral in all-encompassing arcs.I guess Galloway was right about hearing visitors, Katherine said, impressed. Bad eye make for great ears. Her own ears now pounded rhythmically with her racing pulse.This way, Langdon said, clutching his daybag and locomote through the passage.Dean Galloway had given them a single key and a clear set of directions. Unfortunately, when they reached the end of the short tunnel, they embed themselves separated from their end by a wide-open expanse of lawn, currently flooded with light from the chopper overhead.We stopt get across, Katherine said.Hold on . . . look. Langdon pointed to a black tush that was materializing on the lawn to their left. The shadow began as an amorphous blob, further it was growing quickly, woful in their direction, be orgasm more defined, rushing at them profuseer and faster, stretching, and ultimately transforming itself into a massive black rectangle crowned by two impossibly tall spires.The cathedral facade is blocking the searchlight, Langdon said.Theyre landing out in frontLangdon gra bbed Katherines hand. Run NowInside the cathedral, Dean Galloway felt a lightness in his step that he had not felt in years. He moved through the Great Crossing, down the nave toward the narthex and the front doors.He could hear the helicopter hovering in front of the cathedral now, and he imagined its lights coming through the rose window in front of him, throwing spectacular modify all over the sanctuary. He recalled the days when he could see color. Ironically, the unlighted void that had become his world had illuminated many things for him. I see more clearly now than ever.Galloway had been called to God as a young man and over his lifetime had loved the church as much as any man could. Like many of his colleagues who had given their lives in earnest to God, Galloway was weary. He had spent his life straining to be heard above the din of ignorance.What did I expect?From the Crusades, to the Inquisition, to American politicsthe call in Jesus had been hijacked as an ally in all kinds of power struggles. Since the outset of time, the ignorant had always screamed the loudest, herding the unsuspecting masses and forcing them to do their bidding. They defended their worldly desires by citing Scripture they did not understand. They celebrated their intolerance as proof of their convictions. Now, aft(prenominal)(prenominal) all these years, mankind had finally managed to utterly erode everything that had once been so beautiful about Jesus.Tonight, encountering the symbol of the Rose Cross had fueled him with great hope, reminding him of the prophecies written in the Rosicrucian manifestos, which Galloway had read countless time in the away and could still recall.Chapter One Jehova will redeem humanity by unveil those secrets which he previously reserved only for the elect.Chapter Four The whole world shall become as one book and all the contradictions of science and theological system shall be reconciled.Chapter Seven Before the end of the world, God shal l create a great flood of spiritual light to alleviate the suffering of humankind.Chapter ogdoad Before this revelation is possible, the world must sleep away the drinking of her poisoned chalice, which was filled with the false life of the theological vine.Galloway knew the church had long ago disconnected her way, and he had dedicated his life to righting her course. Now, he realized, the moment was fast approaching.It is always darkest before the dawn.CIA field agent Turner Simkins was perched on the sashay of the Sikorsky helicopter as it touched down on the frosty grass. He leaped off, joined by his men, and immediately waved the chopper lynchpin up into the melodic line to keep an eye on all the exits.Nobody leaves this build.As the chopper rose concealment into the night sky, Simkins and his team ran up the stairs to the cathedrals main entrance. Before he could decide which of the six doors to pound on, one of them swung open.Yes? a calm voice said from the shadows .Simkins could barely make out the stooped figure in priests robes. Are you Dean Colin Galloway?I am, the old man replied.Im looking for Robert Langdon. Have you seen him?The old man stepped forward now, stare past(a) Simkins with eerie blank eyes. Now, wouldnt that be a miracle.CHAPTER 88Time is running game out.Security analyst Nola Kaye was already on edge, and the third mug of umber she was now drinking had begun coursing through her wish well an electric current.No word yet from Sato.Finally, her phone rang, and Nola leaped on it. OS, she answered. Nola here.Nola, its Rick Parrish in systems security.Nola slumped. No Sato. Hi, Rick. What can I do for you? I wanted to give you a heads-upour department may have information relevant to what youre work on tonight.Nola set down her coffee. How the hell do you know what Im operative on tonight? I beg your pardon?Sorry, its the new CI program were beta-testing, Parrish said. It keeps flagging your workstation number.Nola now rea lized what he was talking about. The dresser was currently running a new piece of collaborative integrating software designed to provide real-time alerts to disparate CIA departments when they happened to be touch related data fields. In an era of time-sensitive terrorist threats, the key to thwarting contingency was often as candid as a heads-up sexual intercourse you that the guy down the hall was analyzing the very data you take aimed. As far as Nola was concerned, this CI software had proven more of a animal magnetism than any real helpconstant interruption software, she called it.Right, I forgot, Nola said. What have you got? She was positive that nobody else in the building knew about this crisis, much less could be working on it. The only computer work Nola had make tonight was historical research for Sato on esoteric Masonic topics. Nonetheless, she was make to play the game.Well, its probably nothing, Parrish said, but we stopped a hacker tonight, and the CI progr am keeps suggesting I share the information with you.A hacker? Nola sipped her coffee. Im listening. close an hour ago, Parrish said, we snagged a guy named Zoubianis trying to access a blame on one of our internal databases. This guy claims it was a job for take away and that he has no idea why he was being paid to access this particular send or even that it was on a CIA server.Okay.We finished questioning him, and hes clean. alone heres the weird thingthe same file he was targeting had been flagged earlier tonight by an internal search engine. It looks worry someone piggybacked into our system, ran a specific keyword search, and generated a redaction. The thing is, the key course they apply are really strange. And theres one in particular that the CI flagged as a high-priority matchone thats unique to both of our data sets. He paused. Do you know the word . . . symbolon?Nola jolted upright, spilling coffee on her desk.The other keywords are just as unusual, Parrish continue d. Pyramid, portalGet down here, Nola commanded, mopping up her desk. And bring everything youve got These words actually mean something to you?NOWCHAPTER 89duomo College is an elegant, castlelike edifice located adjacent to the National Cathedral. The College of Preachers, as it was originally ideate by the first Episcopal bishop of Washington, was founded to provide on overtaking education for clergy after their ordination. Today, the college offers a wide variety of programs on theology, global justice, healing, and spirituality.Langdon and Katherine had made the bankrupt across the lawn and used Galloways key to slip inside just as the helicopter rose back over the cathedral, its floodlights turning night back into day. Now, standing breathless inside the foyer, they surveyed their surroundings. The windows provided sufficient illumination, and Langdon saw no reason to turn the lights on and take a chance of broadcasting their whereabouts to the helicopter overhead. As they mo ved down the central hallway, they passed a series of group discussion halls, class styles, and sitting areas. The interior reminded Langdon of the neo-Gothic buildings of Yale Universitybreathtaking on the outside, and yet surprisingly utile on the inside, their period elegance having been retrofitted to endure heavy foot traffic. have here, Katherine said, motioning toward the far end of the hall.Katherine had yet to share with Langdon her new revelation regarding the profit, but apparently the reference to Isaacus Neutonuus had sparked it. All she had said as they crossed the lawn was that the pyramid could be transformed using simple science. Everything she needed, she believed, could probably be found in this building. Langdon had no idea what she needed or how Katherine intended to transform a hard piece of granite or gold, but considering he had just witnessed a cube metamorphose into a Rosicrucian cross, he was willing to have faith.They reached the end of the hall and Ka therine frowned, apparently not seeing what she wanted. You said this building has dormitory facilities?Yes, for residential conferences.So they must have a kitchen in here somewhere, right? Youre hungry?She frowned back at him. No, I need a lab.Of course you do. Langdon s puketed a descending staircase that exercise a promising symbol. Americas favorite pictogram.The basement kitchen was industrial looking stacks of stainless mark and big bowlsclearly designed to prepare for large groups. The kitchen had no windows. Katherine closed the door and flipped on the lights. The exhaust fans came on automatically.She began rooting around in the cupboards for whatever it was she needed. Robert, she directed, put the pyramid out on the island, if you would.Feeling like the novice sous chef taking orders from Daniel Boulud, Langdon did as he was told, removing the pyramid from his bag and placing the gold capstone on top of it. When he finished, Katherine was busy filling an enormous pot with piquant tap piss.Would you gratify lift this to the stove for me?Langdon heaved the sloshing pot onto the stove as Katherine turned on the gas burner and cranked up the flame.Are we doing lobsters? he asked hopefully.Very funny. No, were doing alchemy. And for the record, this is a pasta pot, not a lobster pot. She pointed to the perforated strainer insert that she had removed from the pot and hardened on the island beside the pyramid.Silly me. And boiling pasta is going to help us decipher the pyramid?Katherine ignored the comment, her tone turning serious. As Im legitimate you know, there is a historical and symbolic reason the Masons chose 33 as their highest degree.Of course, Langdon said. In the days of Pythagoras, six centuries before Christ, the tradition of numerology hailed the number 33 as the highest of all the Master Numbers. It was the most sacred figure, symbolizing churchman Truth. The tradition lived on within the Masons . . . and elsewhere. It was no a ccompaniment that Christians were taught that Jesus was crucified at age thirty-three, despite no real historical evidence to that effect. Nor was it coincidence that Joseph was said to have been thirty-three when he married the Virgin Mary, or that Jesus accomplished thirty-three miracles, or that Gods name was mentioned thirty-three times in Genesis, or that, in Islam, all the dwellers of heaven were permanently thirty-three years old.Thirty-three, Katherine said, is a sacred number in many recondite traditions.Correct. Langdon still had no idea what this had to do with a pasta pot.So it should come as no surprise to you that an early alchemist, Rosicrucian, and mystic like Isaac due north also considered the number thirty-three special.Im sure he did, Langdon replied. northward was deep into numerology, prophecy, and astrology, but what doesAll is revealed at the thirty-third degree.Langdon pulled Peters ring from his sacking and read the inscription. Then he glanced back at t he pot of pee. Sorry, you lost me.Robert, earlier tonight, we all assumed thirty-third degree referred to the Masonic degree, and yet when we revolved that ring thirty-three degrees, the cube transformed and revealed a cross. At that moment, we realized the word degree was being used in another sense.Yes. Degrees of arc.Exactly. But degree has a third meaning as well.Langdon eyed the pot of water on the stove. Temperature.Exactly she said. It was right in front of us all night. All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. If we bring this pyramids temperature to thirty-three degrees . . . it may just reveal something.Langdon knew Katherine Solomon was exceptionally bright, and yet she seemed to be missing a rather obvious point. If Im not mistaken, thirty-three degrees is almost freezing. Shouldnt we be pose the pyramid in the freezer?Katherine smiled. Not if we want to follow the recipe written by the great alchemist and Rosicrucian mystic who signed his papers Jeova Sanctus Unus .Isaacus Neutonuus wrote recipes?Robert, temperature is the unfathomed alchemical catalyst, and it was not always measured in Fahrenheit and Celsius. There are far older temperature scales, one of them invented by IsaacThe Newton dental plate Langdon said, realizing she was right.Yes Isaac Newton invented an entire system of quantifying temperature based entirely on congenital phenomena. The temperature of melting ice was Newtons base point, and he called it the zeroth degree. She paused. I estimate you can guess what degree he assigned the temperature of boiling waterthe king of all alchemical processes?Thirty-three.Yes, thirty-three The thirty-third degree. On the Newton Scale, the temperature of boiling water is thirty-three degrees. I remember asking my associate once why Newton chose that number. I mean, it seemed so random. Boiling water is the most fundamental alchemical process, and he chose thirty-three? Why not a hundred? Why not something more elegant? Peter explain ed that, to a mystic like Isaac Newton, there was no number more elegant than thirty- three.All is revealed at the thirty-third degree. Langdon glanced at the pot of water and then over at the pyramid. Katherine, the pyramid is made out of solid granite and solid gold. Do you really think boiling water is hot enough to transform it?The smile on her face told Langdon that Katherine knew something he did not know. Confidently, she walked over to the island, lifted the gold-capped, granite pyramid, and set it in the strainer. Then she carefully bring down it into the bubbling water. Lets find out, shall we?High above the National Cathedral, the CIA pilot locked the helicopter in auto-hover mode and surveyed the perimeter of the building and the grounds. No movement. His thermal tomography couldnt penetrate the cathedral stone, and so he couldnt tell what the team was doing inside, but if anyone tried to slip out, the thermal would pick it up.It was sixty seconds later that a thermal sensor pinged. Working on the same principle as home- security systems, the detector had identified a strong temperature differential. Usually this meant a human form moving through a cool space, but what appeared on the monitor was more of a thermal cloud, a firearm of hot air drifting across the lawn. The pilot found the source, an diligent vent on the side of Cathedral College.Probably nothing, he thought. He saw these kinds of gradients all the time. Someone cooking or doing laundry. As he was about to turn away, though, he realized something odd. There were no cars in the parking lot and no lights on anywhere in the building.He studied the UH-60s imaging system for a long moment. Then he radioed down to his team leader. Simkins, its probably nothing, but . . .Incandescent temperature indicator Langdon had to admit, it was clever. Its simple science, Katherine said. Different substances incandesce at different temperatures. We call them thermal markers. science uses these mar kers all the time.Langdon complimentsd down at the submerged pyramid and capstone. Wisps of steam were solution to curl over the bubbling water, although he was not feeling hopeful. He glanced at his watch, and his heart rate accelerated 1145 P.M. You believe something here will luminesce as it heats up?Not luminesce, Robert. Incandesce. Theres a big difference. Incandescence is caused by heat, and it occurs at a specific temperature. For example, when steel manufacturers temper beams, they spray a grid on them with a downright coating that incandesces at a specific target temperature so they know when the beams are done. Think of a mood ring. Just put it on your finger, and it changes color from body heat.Katherine, this pyramid was built in the 1800s I can understand a craftsman making hidden release hinges in a stone box, but applying some kind of transparent thermal coating?Perfectly feasible, she said, glancing hopefully at the submerged pyramid. The early alchemists used o rganic phosphors all the time as thermal markers. The Chinese made colored fireworks, and even the Egyptians Katherine stopped midsentence, staring intently into the roiling water.What? Langdon followed her gaze into the turbulent water but saw nothing at all.Katherine leaned in, staring more intently into the water. Suddenly she turned and ran across the kitchen toward the door.Where are you going? Langdon shouted.She slid to a stop at the kitchen light switch, flipped it off. The lights and exhaust fan went off, plunging the room into total darkness and silence. Langdon turned back to the pyramid and peered through the steam at the capstone beneath the water. By the time Katherine made it back to his side, his mouth had fallen open in disbelief.Exactly as Katherine had predicted, a small section of the metal capstone was starting to glow beneath the water. Letters were starting to appear, and they were getting brighter as the water heated up.text Katherine whispered.Langdon nodded , dumbstruck. The glowing words were materializing just beneath the engraved inscription on the capstone. It looked like only three words, and although Langdon could not yet read what the words said, he wondered if they would unveil everything they had been looking for tonight. The pyramid is a real map, Galloway had told them, and it points to a real location. As the letters shone brighter, Katherine turned off the gas, and the water slow stopped churning. The capstone now came into focus beneath the waters calm surface. terce shining words were clearly legible.