Business Activities To Achieve Result Essay

Question1 talk of how is for each one ext curiosity of the plaque is related to each some new(prenominal) dishDiscuss how is each function of the administration is related to each other. Your fears functions be the things it does cropion, sales, marketing, enquiry and billing, for ex axerophtholle. The constitutional structure defines the relationship and inter action at rightnesss amongst the parts of your handicraft, and identifies how the chain of command runs by the diametrical levels. You stub check along up your rootage of descent structure around your organizational functions, but unconstipated if you dont, function and structure testament influence each other. supplyVision Directional and motivational guidance for the entire organization delegacy An plaques reason for being. It reflects the culture and values of ownership. The endning function of charge construes in all(prenominal)(a) the designingning that allows the organization to run smoothly. intend involves specify a purpose and find the or so effective course of action needed to grip that goal. Typically, proposening involves flexibility, as the computer programmener mustinessiness arrange with all levels of trouble and leadership in the organization. Planning in each case involves acquaintance of the teleph championrs resourcefulnesss and the future objectives of the wrinkle.Look more define trouble essayOrganizingThe organizing function of leadership controls the overall structure of the beau monde. The organizational structure is the foundation of a lodge without this structure, the day-to-day surgery of the tune becomes ambitious and unsuccessful. Organizing involves designating tasks and responsibilities to employees with the ad hoc skill sets needed to complete the tasks. Organizing as easy involves developing the organizational structure and chain of command within the comp all.Related Reading How Do Control Mechani sms Affect the Four Functions of prudence?StaffingThe staffing function of prudence controls all recruitment and personnel inevitably of the organization. The primary(prenominal) purpose of staffing is to hire the honorable people for the right jobs to achieve the objectives of the organization. Staffing involves more than just recruitment staffing likewise encompasses rearing and development, performance appraisals, promotions and transfers. Without the staffing function, the dividing line would fail because the occupancy would not be properly staffed to meet its goals. arrangeThe coordinating function of leadership controls all the organizing, visualisening and staffing activities of the comp whatsoever and sees all activities function together for the good of the organization. Coordinating typically let believes go into in meetings and other planning sessions with the department heads of the gild to ensure all departments atomic number 18 on the same page in terms of objectives and goals. Coordinating involves communication, supervision and direction by c atomic number 18.ControllingThe authoritative function of management is useful for ensuring all other functions of the organization argon in place and ar operating successfully. Controlling involves establishing performance standards and observe the turnout of employees to ensure each employees performance meets those standards. The controlling suffice often leads to the identification of situations and problems that need to be supplyressed by creating red-hot performance standards. The level of performance affects the success of all aspects of the organization.http//small argumentation.chron.com/relationship-between-organizational-functions-organizational-structure-18571.htmlQuestion 2Explain the aims and objectives for every company. Also, draw a wait on map for any of the functionAnswerA dividing line aim businesss aims be coffin nails in from of statement of purpose th at defines where an entity wants to be within a certain clock span. Any business aim must be measurable, achievable, and realistic, because an entity aims are primal in defining the nature of policies that impart be formulated to run a business unit. It is important for individualist to communication channel that, not all business aims are measurable quantitatively, because any(prenominal) business aims are aimed at improved service delivery and maintaining the rapport of an organizationAims are set with this in mindS- SpecificM- MeasurableA- attainableR- RealisticT- TimeA business objective is the plan you volition use to reach the goals you need for your organization If you are making a business or organization for your companys coming you provide not garner much success without clearly defined business objectives. A business objective provide induce a juncture between the mission and the strategies of your organization (i.e. marketing, productivity, shake offedp rofits, results). If you and your employees do not turn in where the organization is headedthen everyone will just travel in diffe take up failing directionsThe company that I choose is orchard apple tree.orchard apple tree Inc. is an Ameri thunder mug transnational corporation headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Its lift out-known computer hardware products are the Mac line of computers, the iPod media player, the iPhone smartphone, and the iPad tablet computer. Its consumer software includes the OS X and iOS operating arrangements, the iTunes media browser, the Safari web browser, and the life and iWork creativity and productivity suites.orchard apple tree was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976 to develop and sell personal computers. It was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. on January 3, 1977, and was renamed as Apple Inc. on January 9, 2 007 to reflect its shifted focal smudge towards consumer electronics.Apple is the worldly concerns second- turgidst information technology company by revenue after Samsung Electronics, and the worlds third-largest mobile phone producer after Samsung and Nokia.4 Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2012. On kinfolk 30, 2013, Apple surpassed Coca-Cola to become the worlds most valuable trade name in the Omnicom Groups Best Global Brands report. However, the company has authorized criticism for its contractors labor practices, and for Apples own environmental and business practices.As of May 2013, Apple maintains 408 retail stores in foursometeen countries as easily as the online Apple Store and iTunes Store the latter of which is the worlds largest music retailer Apple is the largest publicly traded corporation in the world by market capitalization, with an estimated market capitalization of $446 bil lion by January, 2014. As of September 29, 2012, the company had 72,800 permanent full- cartridge clip employees and 3,300 temporary full-time employees universal. Its worldwide annual revenue in 2013 totaled $170 billion. As of Q1 2014, Apples five-year maturement average is 39% for top line growth and 45% for bottom line growth. In May 2013, Apple entered the top ten of the Fortune 500 list of companies for the first time, hike 11 places above its 2012 ranking to take the sixth position. Apple is the most successful startup company of all time, by market capitalization, revenue, and growthApple has been the biggest public company in the world since overtaking Exxon Mobil to reach the number one s bundle last year, but Mondays race means that it has now entered the record books as the biggest company ever.At Mondays close of trade, Apple shares need to settle at $657.50 for the record to be set on a closing basis as well, gibe to S& ampP Dow Jones indices. The shares were t rading 2 percent mettlesome to $661.15 at around 1.19 p.m.Apple shares invite rallied as investors anticipate the dismission of the iPhone 5 and possibly an iPad Mini in September as well as more details closely the companys plans for an Apple TV, according to analysts at Bernstein Research.Everyone loves a winner, if you play the quick trade be careful, said Howard Silverblatt, senior index analyst at S&P Dow Jones Indices in emailed comments. If you are an investor check the fundaments and business plans, and avoid the air in your decision.Apple scaled mod heights as young buck technology heavyweight Facebook Inc briefly plumbed new depths. The No. 1 mixer net reckon slid to a record intraday low of $18.75 on Monday in the lead springy back to trade around $20 after Capstone upgraded the companys stock to get from hold on Monday.http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ flip out/b/b0/Apple_Headquarters_in_Cupert http//www.ask.com/question/what-is-an-aim-for-a-bu siness?ad=SEO&an=SEO&ap=google.com.ly&o=102140Question 3 (This question provides order for grading criterion 1.3 ) unwrap if there is a type gateway implemented on the output of the run you had chosen in previous taskAnswer monetary run practice, equally your company and you, in my opinion, are exposed to endangerment every day. Some of those attempts are the same as those nervusd by every small business, but some are single to the pecuniary services industry In all cases, understanding the encounters and the potential for losings keeps you one step ahead. Minimizing risk must be one of your delineate strategic objectives as you idea the future of your business.Financial Risk more or less all sorts of large businesses require a minimum sort of risk psycho outline. For example, commercial banks need to properly hedge foreign exchange picture show of oversees loans while large department stores must factor in the adventure of reduced revenues due to a global rec ession. Risk analysis allows professionals to place and mitigate risks, but not avoid them completely. Proper risk analysis often includes mathematical and statistical software architectural plansCompliance ChangesEvery advisor who plans an investment system for a client must consider tax income and regulatory issues. Investment plans often incorporate tax advantages put into place by the federal or state government in prepare to encourage investing. The danger arises if tax or regulatory laws change and clients are financially damaged by the changes. Even if you are not held de jure responsible for(p), such a situation whitethorn damage your reputation.Keeping that risk to a minimum means staying on top of tax law and inquirying the effects of planned changes to your clients portfolios. It should go without saying that you should structure your clients strategies on reasoning(a) investment principles, rather than trying to exploit the latest tax loopholes. mindset RiskAs a professional advisor, you must follow entropy and other federal and state regulations in your dealings with clients. Many individual clients, however, do not necessarily understand your role in their investments. This screw lead to clients believing that you are providing services that you are not, or that you are constantly monitoring their portfolios for them. Misunderstandings in this area can result in litigation and damage to your reputation. In order to ensure that your clients are on the same page with you, draft an engagement letter that clearly outlines your services and ca-ca clients sign it.Market RiskThe portfolios you manage on behalf of your clients as well as your own are subject to the ups and downs of the investment markets. The strategies you vex in place for your clients are partially dependent on whether a bull or bear market exists.Data SecurityYou ask access to significant financial and other sensitive information about your clients they expect you to maintain confidentiality and protect their information. A security breach can land you in legal hot water and can nullify the reputation you apply built. If you are not sure how to beef up the security around your clients data, meet with a data security able to learn how to properly handle and store confidential information.The Bottom traceIt is im manageable to protect you and your company against all risks, but you can derogate them by dint of proper planning. Being aware of potential risk pot holes, before you hit them, can keep you on the right road. admittance Review Process The adit Review Process examines programs and projects at paint decision points in their lifecycle.In order to provide a projects Senior Responsible Owner (SRO) with meaningful, timely advice, a criticism should be stockpileed prior to a project decision point. For example, a entry review of a business case should occur several weeks before the business case is submitted through the relev ant Public Authority applause process. This enables recommendations to be minimal brain dysfunctionressed before the business case is submitted for approval.The review provides a projects SRO with independent guidance that can improve or advance a project. The primary purpose of a review is to add value to the project teams own expertise in order to help them be more successful in delivering the project.Gateway reviews are applicable to a wide range of programs and projects. To help you find out if your project may be suitable for a Gateway Review, enthral complete the project assessment tool. http//www.ask.com/wiki/Compliance_(physiology)http//www.ask.com/web?q=++Compliance+Changes&qsrc=364&o=15732&l=dir http//www.ask.com/web?q=Compliance+Changes&qsrc=19&qo=spellCheck&o=15732&l=dirQuestion 4 (This question provides evidence for grading criterion 2.1 )Develop a plan according to the task attached by any companyIn any business we have some step or point the we have to go under if we are going to broadcast any new business ilk for example in McDonald is going to open a franchisee in Libya there will be few steps they have to do includes strategic planning, available planning, market research and financial analysis Strategic planningis an organizations process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy. In order to charm the future direction of the organization, it is necessary to understand its current position and the possible avenues through which it can pursue particular courses of action. Strategic planning is the process of looking at an organizations current status and determining where that organization wants to be in the future. Strategic planning involves looking at an organizations strengths, weaknessesWhat Are the Steps in Strategic Planning & Management?There are many different frame working and methodologies for strategic planning and managemen t. spell there is no absolute rules regarding the right framework, most follow a similar pattern and have common attributes. Many frame whole kit cycle through some variation on some very basic phases1) analysis or assessment, where an understanding of the current internal and external environments is developed,2) strategy formulation, where high level strategy is developed and a basic organization level strategic plan is documented3) strategy execution, where the high level plan is translated into more operational planning and action items, and4) evaluation or alimony / management phase, where ongoing refinement and evaluation of performance, culture, communication theory, data reporting, and other strategic management issues occurs.LeadershipAbove all, the strategic planning process needs drive the continuing believement to pushing the process on through difficulties, obstacles and opposition. The whole process requires someone to be designated as coordinator and to be respo nsible for keeping the process moving against the timelines. Without a strong commitment, there will be no outcome .ConsultationAfter this comes the ability to recruit, bear on and persuade members and stakeholders. A successful strategic planning process will be genuinely inclusive, involving all its stakeholders paid and volunteer staff, board, clients, funders, and the community.ResourcesThere are resource implications in em runking on strategic planning. Its going to take time, staff, and attention away from your day-to-day operations. If your Board isnt prepared to commit resources to the project then youre better off not attempting it. operative planning is the process of linking strategic goals and objectives to tactical goals and objectives. It describes milestones, conditions for success and explains how, or what role of, a strategic plan will be put into operation during a given operational period, in the case of commercial application, a fiscal year or another giv en budgetary term. An operational plan is the basis for, and justification of an annual operating budget request. Therefore, a five-year strategic plan would typically require five operational plans funded by five operating budgets. Operational plans should establish the activities and budgets for each part of the organization for the following 1 3 years. They link the strategic plan with the activities the organization will deliver and the resources required to deliver them. An operational plan draws in a flash from agency and program strategic plans to describe agency and program missions and goals, program objectives, and program activities. Like a strategic plan, an operational plan addresses four questionsWhere are we now?Where do we want to be?How do we get there?How do we measure our progress?The operations plan is two the first and the last step in preparing an operating budget request. As the first step, the operations plan provides a plan for resource assignation as t he last step, the OP may be modified to reflect insurance decisions or financial changes made during the budget development process. Operational plans should be prepared by the people who will be involved in implementation. There is often a need for significant cross-departmental dialogue as plans created by one part of the organization inevitably have implications for other parts.Operational plans should containclear objectivesactivities to be delivered persona standardsdesired outcomesstaffing and resource requirementsimplementation timetablesa process for monitoring progressMarket research is any organized effort to gather information about target markets or nodes. It is a very important component of business strategy The term is commonly interchanged with marketing research however, expert practitioners may care to draw a distinction, in that marketing research is concerned specifically about marketing processes, while market research is concerned specifically with markets Market research is a key factor to maintain fighting over competitors. Market research provides important information to identify and probe the market need, market size and competition.Market research, which includes social and opinion research, is the systematic gathering and interpretation of information about individuals or organizations using statistical and analytical methods and techniques of the applied social sciences to gain insight or offer decision makingFinancial AnalysisFinancial analysis (also referred to as financial statement analysis or accounting analysis or Analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. It is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios that make use of information taken from financial statements and other reports. These reports are usually presented to top management as one of their bases in making business decisions. Continue or discontinue its main operation or part of its business even off or purchase certain materials in the manufacture of its product Acquire or rent/lease certain machineries and equipment in the production of its goods Issue stocks or talk over for a bank loan to increase its working capital Make decisions regarding investing or lending capitalOther decisions that allow management to make an informed selection on various alternatives in the conduct of its business.http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/bsi/ caliber-through-standards/why-is- part-important.htmlaxzz2v6zOqYVh http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/bsi/quality-through-standards/why-is-quality-important.htmlaxzz2v6zOqYVh Question 5 (This question provides evidence for grading criterion 2.2 ) count your aims and convert them into wise(p) aims argumentation goals and objectives , missions and visions are important for success . moldiness be all the work for its own objectives in order to plan accordingly and work hard to achieve it , and setting goa ls will also help employees to be motivated to work hard and achieve goals condition. offend objectives it is a set of goals that should be , and measurable , specific goals can be achieved by instructioning on the specific results on the exact measure . is specified , stretch, and large.is measurable , motivational , and meaningful .is to be achieved , and agreed to and accept .is for results , and a realistic and reasonable.is for time boundedSpecific the specific goals and objectives of any business, must be clear, defined well, understood by the all employees whom are working in a specific project. Measurable means that the goal is capable to be achieved and know when it is suppose to be achieved. Achievable the goals must be agreed by different stakeholder in the company, therefore they would be motivated to achieve the requirement goals. Results the availability of the all requirements resources lead to concentrate on achieving specific results. Time bound setting a time to finish the work in order to work hard to make employees work hard to achieve it on time. SMART objective focus on the time and the achievable goals more than the activities and plans to achieve it. Reasons for using SMART Clear goals and objectives to be achieved.Specific goals help to analyze and control the business future. Give reasons to implement it.Specific goals add value to the periodic works and tasks.Goals motivate employees to work more and more.Set a direction for achieving the goalshttp//www.statuspath.com/business-goal-and-objective-examples/http//www.entrepreneur.com/ condition/38292Question 6 (This question provides evidence for grading criterion 3.2 ) use up the right system to complete the objective in the most economic way ? Quality Management a recent phenomenon Advanced civilizations that back up the arts and crafts allowed clients to choose goods meeting higher quality standards than normal goods. In societies where arts and crafts are the resp onsibility of a master craftsman or artist, they would lead their studio and train and supervise others. The importance of craftsmen diminished as mass production and repetitive work practices were instituted. The aim was to produce large numbers of the same goods. The first proponent in the US for this border on was Eli Whitney who proposed (interchangeable) parts manufacture for muskets, hence producing the identical components and creating a musket assembly line. The next step forward was promoted by several people including Frederick Winslow Taylor a automatonlike engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency.He is sometimes called the bugger off of scientific management. He was one of the intellectual leaders of the Efficiency run and part of his approach laid a further foundation for quality management, including aspects like standardization and adopting improved practices. Henry Ford was also important in bringing process and quality management practices into opera tion in his assembly lines. In Germany, Karl Friedrich Benz, often called the inventor of the motor car, was pursuing similar assembly and production practices, although real mass production was properly initiated in Volkswagen after World War II. From this period onwards, North American companies cogitate predominantly upon production against lower cost with increased efficiency.Why the quality is important for business?The basic model behind most businesses is to create products or services and sell them to clients for a profit. These products or services must live up to a certain quality standard expect by customers. If the quality level is not met, there are consequences to face for the business. Therefore, quality is important to a business for a number of reasons. customer Retention and ValueTo retain customers for repeat business, a company must sell products that live up to the customers expectations. If a customer has a good experience, they are likely to come back and pu t across money with your business again the next time they are in need of your products or services. A customer must feel like the product or service he bought from your company was worth the price. If some customers feel that they paid too much for the quality or product received, you will likely not get any repeat business from them in the future.ReputationA companys reputation relies heavily on the quality of its products or services. This is relevant to both customer reviews and company marketing. For example, high-end clothing designers or expensive car companies often set the bar high through their marketing efforts, which typically promise perfection, as well as the expensive price tags on their products. If those expectations are met by the customers who buy their products, the company maintains its reputation. Customers who receive a lower-quality product than expected will growl to friends, family and co-workers about how the product or service did not live up to expecta tions, which will ultimately lower your consumer reputation, especially if the majority of your customers have detrimental experiences.Legal IssuesThe things you sell to consumers must also be safe, and not just for legal reasons. If you are in the nutrition industry and you sell stinking food to a customer, it can lead to health issues for that person. Similarly, if you sell an electronics eddy that has not passed safety inspections, it can lead to safety issues for the consumer, like an galvanising dismiss or shock. Malfunctioning or unsafe products are a flagellum in almost every industry, and could lead to dangerous situations for your customers galoshThe things you sell to consumers must also be safe, and not just for legal reasons. If you are in the food industry and you sell rotten food to a customer, it can lead to health issues for that person. Similarly, if you sell an electronics device that has not passed safety inspections, it can lead to safety issues for th e consumer, like an electrical fire or shock. Malfunctioning or unsafe products are a threat in almost every industry, and could lead to dangerous situations for your customersCosts worthless quality increases cost. If you do not have an effective quality control system in place, you may incur the cost of analyzing nonconforming goods or services to determine the root causes and retesting products after reworking them. In some cases, you may have to scrap defective products and incur additional production costs to replace them. If defective products reach customers, you will have to pay for grants and replacements and, in serious cases, you could incur legal costs for failure to comply with customer or industry standards.THE BENEFITS OF QMSQuality management systems, such as the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standards, have a number of benefits. While these systems may demand time and resources when being created and implemented, the benefits will continue fo r as long as the procedures and processes are followed. And this will outweigh any disadvantages or inconveniences that a quality management system brings.Repeatable ProcessesQuality management systems will provide your business with a number of processes that are constantly repeated to produce a product or a service. Over time, these processes are honed and refined until you have a system that is effective and produces high-quality results.Knowledgeable StaffBecause you will have so many repeatable processes, the staff carrying out these actions will have a clear definition of their roles and responsibilities, as well as what you as a manager require of them. In knowing the exact process that needs to be carried out, mistakes and errors will decrease. 9000Resource.com states that staff members are more well-provided and motivated once there are defined roles and responsibilities.Increased BusinessMany clients actively seek an organization that has some sort of quality manageme nt accreditation, whether it be from ISO or from another body. If you have implemented quality management systems and been accredited by a global body, your company will stand out among your competitors.Supplier RelationshipsA good quality management system will define a procedure whereby all new and existing suppliers are vetted on a symmetric basis to ensure their competence and quality of service. Ongoing agreements and relationships can therefore be in love with reliable suppliers, and you can be assured that the service you are given is of the standard that you require.Customer SatisfactionBecause a quality management system defines processes and procedures that lead to a high quality product or service, your customers will be pleased at what you are providing. This will prompt them to return to your company, as well as recommend you to friends, family and colleagues. This will boost your business reputation and attract clients and suppliers. Improved controls, discipline (e. g. prevents the use of short cuts and duplicate of activities), procedures, documentation, communication, dissemination and customer satisfaction, quicker identification and resolution of problems, greater unity (i.e. the job is done the same way, time after time and best practices are shared), increased quality awareness, in particular from those departments and people who traditionally perceived quality not to be their major concern. A decrement in errors, customer complaints and non-conforming products, services and costs and the retention of customers.Assistance with the relaxation method of trade through common rules and language.Responsibility for quality issues is placed firmly where it belongs, with the supplier and not the customer.Reduction in the number of customer audits and assessments and also a reduction in the time taken, leading to a pitch in resources need for such activities.Identification of ineffective and surplus procedures and documents and other for ms of waste. better working environmenthttp//blog.simplilearn.com/it-service-management/service-quality http//www.business-online-learning.com/define-total-quality-management.html.UxdxEx_TkcA Question 7 (This question provides evidence for grading criterion 4.2 )Devise monitoring and control plan and operationalize it ?Dates of globe revision planShould reconsider its business plans on a regular basis, especially if the work is to expand quickly, and suffer from cash flow problems, and add new products or services or access to new markets. organize your dates with short-term goals and long-term action plan set out in the original and make a comparative analysis. Depending on your business, and this could be a review of monthly, quarterly or yearly.The development of a tracking systemIf your business plan contain measurable goals, and to develop a tracking system to evaluate where you stand regularly. For example, if the plan calls for earning a certain measuring rod of revenue p er month, and keep track of revenue on a daily or weekly budget to monitor and control the process. This approach allows you to touch your system if your numbers are off the mark. observe key elements often. profound elements for a plan of action research on the market and competition, as well as the projected income. Each of these elements are subject to speedy change, and must remain aware of where you stand in relation to these issues.Coordination of business and marketing plansInterfere business and marketing plans in several ways, for a review of all the documents at one time on a regular basis can help you to monitor and control objectives and measurements of each plan. If an element of one plan changed dramatically, and assess its impact on other plan. For example, if you invite your marketing plan to be able to launch a major media campaign, but revenue forecasts weak business plan, and review all stay on the right track.Make changes if necessaryA business plan is not a d ocument is subject to change. Consideration of the plan liquids that can be tweaked and updated as your business changes and grows. Do not pose to elements of the plan that is outdated or no longer useful. For example, if part of your plan for a period of five years, includes a move to a large facility, but find that after a five-year facility for your small works just fine, and to review and update the business plan. Constantly reviewing your plan so that you are always looking forward to the one, three and five-year increments, based on expectations of future performance in the past.What is Project Management?Project management focuses on controlling the introduction of the desired change. This involvesUnderstanding the needs of stakeholders.Planning what needs to be done, when, by whom, and to what standards.Building and motivating the team.Coordinating the work of different people.Monitoring work being done.Managing any changes to the plan.Delivering successful results. more s pecifically, what is a project? Its a temporary group activeness designed to produce a extraordinary product, service or result. A project is temporary in that it has a defined beginning and end in time, and therefore defined scope and resources. And a project is unique in that it is not a routine operation, but a specific set of operations designed to accomplish a singular goal. So a project team often includes people who dont usually work together sometimes from different organizations and across fourfold geographies. The development of software for an improved business process, the construction of a structure or bridge, the relief effort after a natural disaster, the refinement of sales into a new geographic market all are projects. And all must be expertly managed to deliver the on-time, on-budget results, learning and desegregation that organizations need.Project management processes fall into five groupsInitiatingPlanningExecutingMonitoring and ControllingClosingStakeh older managementAll management is concerned with these, of course. tho project management brings a unique focus shaped by the goals, resources and schedule of each project. The value of that focus is proved by the rapid, worldwide growth of project management In organizations and businesses, project management can be concerned with anything, particularly introducing or changing things, in any area or function, for example people, staffing and managementproducts and servicesmaterials, manufacturing and productionIT and communicationsplant, vehicles, equipmentstorage, distribution, logisticsbuildings and premisesfinance, administration, acquisition and divestmentpurchasingsales, selling, marketinghuman resources development and trainingcustomer service and relationsquality, health and safety,legal and professionaltechnical, scientific, research and developmentnew business developmentand anything else which needs planning and managing within organizations.https//www.google.com.ly/?gws _rd=cr&ei=0XQXU_H3Mqm60gGjqYGYDAq=Dates+of+creation+revision+plan+